The answer is Microsoft Entra application proxy and Microsoft Entra ID as the identity provider. The application proxy publishes on-premises apps to the cloud, enabling modern authentication protocols like OAuth and SAML, while Entra ID provides the identity layer to enforce single sign-on (SSO) and Conditional Access policies. On the Microsoft Cybersecurity Architect exam, this pairing tests your understanding of how to bridge legacy on-premises infrastructure with cloud-based security controls without requiring a VPN. A common trap is choosing VPN or Azure AD Domain Services, but VPN lacks modern authentication and Conditional Access, while Domain Services is for domain join, not app access. Remember the mnemonic “Proxy for publish, Entra for policy”—the proxy handles connectivity, and Entra ID handles identity and access decisions.
SC-100 Design security solutions for infrastructure Practice Question
This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security solutions for infrastructure. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
You are designing a secure access solution for on-premises applications using Microsoft Entra ID. The solution must support modern authentication, single sign-on (SSO), and Conditional Access. Which TWO technologies should you implement?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Microsoft Entra application proxy
Option A and C are correct. Microsoft Entra application proxy publishes on-premises apps with modern authentication and SSO. Microsoft Entra application gallery provides pre-integrated SSO for SaaS apps, but for on-premises apps, the proxy is used. Option B is wrong because VPN does not provide modern authentication or Conditional Access. Option D is wrong because Microsoft Entra Domain Services is for domain join, not app access. Option E is wrong because Azure AD B2C is for customer-facing apps.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
Provides domain services like LDAP, not application access.
✓
Microsoft Entra application proxy
Why this is correct
Publishes on-premises apps with modern authentication and SSO.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✓
Microsoft Entra ID as the identity provider
Why this is correct
Microsoft Entra ID enables SSO and Conditional Access.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✗
Site-to-Site VPN
Why it's wrong here
VPN provides network-level access but no modern authentication or Conditional Access.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
Use explanations to understand the rule behind the answer.
TExam Day Tips
→Underline the problem statement mentally.
→Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
→Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this SC-100 question in full detail.
Identify which SC-100 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
Design security solutions for infrastructure — This question tests Design security solutions for infrastructure — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Microsoft Entra application proxy — Option A and C are correct. Microsoft Entra application proxy publishes on-premises apps with modern authentication and SSO. Microsoft Entra application gallery provides pre-integrated SSO for SaaS apps, but for on-premises apps, the proxy is used. Option B is wrong because VPN does not provide modern authentication or Conditional Access. Option D is wrong because Microsoft Entra Domain Services is for domain join, not app access. Option E is wrong because Azure AD B2C is for customer-facing apps.
What should I do if I get this SC-100 question wrong?
Identify which SC-100 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
Courseiva creates original exam-style practice questions with explanations and wrong-answer analysis. It does not publish real exam questions, exam dumps, or protected exam content. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →
These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.
Variation 1. You are designing a secure remote access solution for on-premises web applications using Microsoft Entra ID. The solution must support multifactor authentication (MFA) and conditional access. Which service should you use?
easy
✓ A.Microsoft Entra application proxy
B.Windows Server DirectAccess
C.VPN gateway with RADIUS authentication
D.Microsoft Entra ID (Azure AD)
Why A: Microsoft Entra Application Proxy provides secure remote access to on-premises web apps with MFA and Conditional Access. Option A is correct. Option B is incorrect because VPN does not integrate with Entra ID MFA. Option C is incorrect because Azure AD (Entra ID) alone doesn't provide proxying. Option D is incorrect because DirectAccess is Windows-only and doesn't support MFA natively.
Last reviewed: Jun 21, 2026
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