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Design security solutions for infrastructure →hardMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

SC-100 Design security solutions for infrastructure Practice Question

This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design security solutions for infrastructure. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

{
  "properties": {
    "policyRule": {
      "if": {
        "field": "type",
        "equals": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines"
      },
      "then": {
        "effect": "modify",
        "details": {
          "roleDefinitionIds": [
            "/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/roleDefinitions/b24988ac-6180-42a0-ab88-20f7382dd24c"
          ],
          "operations": [
            {
              "operation": "addOrReplace",
              "field": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/storageProfile.osDisk.managedDisk.diskEncryptionSet.id",
              "value": "/subscriptions/12345/resourceGroups/rg-keys/providers/Microsoft.Compute/diskEncryptionSets/des-production"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Refer to the exhibit. You are reviewing an Azure Policy definition that is assigned to a subscription. What is the primary effect of this policy?

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

  • Clue: "primary"

    Why it matters: Asks for the main purpose or function, not a secondary benefit. Eliminate answers that describe side-effects or partial functions.

Question 1hardmultiple choice
Full question →

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

{
  "properties": {
    "policyRule": {
      "if": {
        "field": "type",
        "equals": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines"
      },
      "then": {
        "effect": "modify",
        "details": {
          "roleDefinitionIds": [
            "/providers/Microsoft.Authorization/roleDefinitions/b24988ac-6180-42a0-ab88-20f7382dd24c"
          ],
          "operations": [
            {
              "operation": "addOrReplace",
              "field": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/storageProfile.osDisk.managedDisk.diskEncryptionSet.id",
              "value": "/subscriptions/12345/resourceGroups/rg-keys/providers/Microsoft.Compute/diskEncryptionSets/des-production"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

It modifies the OS disk to use a specific disk encryption set.

The policy uses the 'modify' effect to add or replace the disk encryption set ID on any virtual machine's OS disk managed disk. This ensures VMs use a specific encryption set. 'deployIfNotExists' would deploy a resource, 'audit' would only log, 'deny' would block creation.

Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • ✓

    It modifies the OS disk to use a specific disk encryption set.

    Why this is correct

    The policy adds/replaces the diskEncryptionSet.id field on the OS disk.

    Clue confirmation

    The clue word "primary" in the question point toward this answer.

    Related concept

    Standard ACLs match source addresses.

  • ✗

    It deploys a disk encryption set to each virtual machine.

    Why it's wrong here

    The policy does not deploy a resource; it modifies an existing property.

  • ✗

    It denies creation of virtual machines without the specified disk encryption set.

    Why it's wrong here

    The effect is 'modify', not 'deny'.

  • ✗

    It audits virtual machines that do not use the specified disk encryption set.

    Why it's wrong here

    The effect is 'modify', not 'audit'.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match

ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Standard ACLs match source addresses.
  • Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
  • The first matching ACL entry is used.
  • There is usually an implicit deny at the end.

TExam Day Tips

  • Check inbound versus outbound direction.
  • Read the ACL from top to bottom.
  • Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.

Key takeaway

ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

An e-commerce site experiences heavy traffic on Black Friday and near-zero traffic during off-peak weeks. Rather than provisioning permanent large VMs, the team uses auto-scaling groups that add capacity automatically under load and reduce it overnight. Questions like this test whether you understand elasticity, availability zones, and cloud compute scaling patterns.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related SC-100 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this SC-100 question test?

Design security solutions for infrastructure — This question tests Design security solutions for infrastructure — Standard ACLs match source addresses..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: It modifies the OS disk to use a specific disk encryption set. — The policy uses the 'modify' effect to add or replace the disk encryption set ID on any virtual machine's OS disk managed disk. This ensures VMs use a specific encryption set. 'deployIfNotExists' would deploy a resource, 'audit' would only log, 'deny' would block creation.

What should I do if I get this SC-100 question wrong?

Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related SC-100 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "primary". Asks for the main purpose or function, not a secondary benefit. Eliminate answers that describe side-effects or partial functions.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Standard ACLs match source addresses.

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Last reviewed: Jun 21, 2026

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This SC-100 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SC-100 exam.