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Design solutions that align with security best practices and priorities →mediumMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

SC-100 Practice Question: Design solutions that align with security best practices and priorities

This SC-100 practice question tests your understanding of design solutions that align with security best practices and priorities. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

{
  "properties": {
    "displayName": "Require MFA for admins",
    "state": "enabled",
    "conditions": {
      "applications": {
        "includeApplications": ["All"]
      },
      "users": {
        "includeRoles": ["Global Administrator"]
      }
    },
    "grantControls": {
      "builtInControls": ["mfa"]
    }
  }
}

Refer to the exhibit. You are reviewing a conditional access policy JSON in Microsoft Entra ID. The policy is enabled but users with the Global Administrator role are not being prompted for MFA. What is the most likely reason?

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

  • Clue: "most likely"

    Why it matters: Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.

Question 1mediummultiple choice
Full question →

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

{
  "properties": {
    "displayName": "Require MFA for admins",
    "state": "enabled",
    "conditions": {
      "applications": {
        "includeApplications": ["All"]
      },
      "users": {
        "includeRoles": ["Global Administrator"]
      }
    },
    "grantControls": {
      "builtInControls": ["mfa"]
    }
  }
}

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

The policy does not include any users except by role.

Option A is correct because the policy is scoped to 'All users' but the 'Include' filter is set to 'All users' while the 'Exclude' filter includes 'Global Administrator' role. Since the policy excludes Global Administrators, they are not subject to the MFA grant control, even though the policy is enabled. The JSON snippet shows the policy is enabled and includes all users by default, but the exclusion of the Global Administrator role overrides the inclusion, so they are never evaluated for MFA.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • ✓

    The policy does not include any users except by role.

    Why this is correct

    The policy includes users by role but missing the 'includeUsers' array; without specifying users, no users are targeted.

    Clue confirmation

    The clue word "most likely" in the question point toward this answer.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

  • ✗

    The policy does not include any applications.

    Why it's wrong here

    The policy includes 'All' applications.

  • ✗

    The grant control requires a compliant device instead of MFA.

    Why it's wrong here

    The grant control shows 'mfa', not device compliance.

  • ✗

    The policy state is disabled.

    Why it's wrong here

    The policy state is 'enabled' in the JSON.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

The trap here is that candidates assume 'All users' includes all users regardless of role, but they overlook that the exclusion of specific roles or users can completely bypass the policy, and the exam tests whether you understand that exclusion rules override inclusion rules in Conditional Access policies.

Trap categories for this question

  • Command / output trap

    The grant control shows 'mfa', not device compliance.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Under the hood, Conditional Access policies in Microsoft Entra ID evaluate user and sign-in risk, and the exclusion list is processed after the inclusion list. When a user is assigned the Global Administrator role, the policy's exclusion of that role takes precedence, meaning the policy is effectively skipped for those users. This is a common misconfiguration where administrators inadvertently exempt themselves from security controls, often leading to a false sense of security. In real-world scenarios, this can be exploited if a Global Administrator account is compromised, as MFA would not be enforced.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
  • Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
  • Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.

TExam Day Tips

  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this SC-100 question test?

Design solutions that align with security best practices and priorities — This question tests Design solutions that align with security best practices and priorities — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: The policy does not include any users except by role. — Option A is correct because the policy is scoped to 'All users' but the 'Include' filter is set to 'All users' while the 'Exclude' filter includes 'Global Administrator' role. Since the policy excludes Global Administrators, they are not subject to the MFA grant control, even though the policy is enabled. The JSON snippet shows the policy is enabled and includes all users by default, but the exclusion of the Global Administrator role overrides the inclusion, so they are never evaluated for MFA.

What should I do if I get this SC-100 question wrong?

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "most likely". Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026

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This SC-100 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SC-100 exam.