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Question 217 of 1,000
Secure Azure using Microsoft Defender for Cloud and Microsoft Sentinel →hardMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

Quick Answer

The correct query is SigninLogs | where ResultType !in ("0","50125") | summarize Count = count() by IPAddress, bin(TimeGenerated, 5m) | where Count > 10. This works because it first filters out successful sign-ins (ResultType 0) and the specific code 50125 (which indicates a device authentication that isn't a true failure), then groups the remaining failed attempts by IP address within a 5-minute window using the bin() function, and finally keeps only those groups where the count exceeds 10. On the AZ-500 exam, this question tests your ability to build a KQL query for a brute force detection rule in Microsoft Sentinel, a common scenario for security analysts. A frequent trap is confusing TimeGenerated with time-generated (which is not a valid column) or mistakenly using make-series for simple aggregation. Remember the mnemonic "Filter, Group, Bin, Threshold" — first filter for failures, group by IP, bin the time, then apply the count condition.

AZ-500 Practice Question: Secure Azure using Microsoft Defender for Cloud and Microsoft Sentinel

This AZ-500 practice question tests your understanding of secure azure using microsoft defender for cloud and microsoft sentinel. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

You are a security analyst using Microsoft Sentinel. You need to create an analytics rule that triggers an incident when more than 10 failed sign-ins occur from the same IP address within 5 minutes. The rule should use a KQL query. Which query should you use?

Question 1hardmultiple choice
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Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

SigninLogs | where ResultType !in ("0","50125") // failed attempts | summarize Count = count() by IPAddress, bin(TimeGenerated, 5m) | where Count > 10

Option A is correct because it groups failed sign-ins by IP address, counts them within a 5-minute time window, and filters for counts greater than 10. Option B is wrong because it uses time-generated, which is not a standard column; the correct column is TimeGenerated. Option C is wrong because it incorrectly uses 'make-series' which is for time series analysis, not simple aggregation. Option D is wrong because it filters only successful sign-ins.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • ✓

    SigninLogs | where ResultType !in ("0","50125") // failed attempts | summarize Count = count() by IPAddress, bin(TimeGenerated, 5m) | where Count > 10

    Why this is correct

    This query correctly groups failed sign-ins by IP and 5-minute bin, and filters for >10.

    Related concept

    Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

  • ✗

    SigninLogs | where ResultType != "0" | make-series Count=count() default=0 on TimeGenerated from ago(5m) to now() step 5m by IPAddress

    Why it's wrong here

    make-series is for creating time series data, not for simple count filtering.

  • ✗

    SigninLogs | where ResultType == "0" | summarize Count = count() by IPAddress, bin(TimeGenerated, 5m) | where Count > 10

    Why it's wrong here

    Filters for successful sign-ins (ResultType=="0"), not failed ones.

  • ✗

    SigninLogs | where ResultType == "0" | summarize Count = count() by IPAddress, bin(time-generated, 5m) | where Count > 10

    Why it's wrong here

    Uses incorrect column name 'time-generated' and filters for successful sign-ins only.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
  • Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
  • Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
  • Use explanations to understand the rule behind the answer.

TExam Day Tips

  • Underline the problem statement mentally.
  • Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
  • Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A cloud solutions architect for a retail company is evaluating services for a new workload. The correct answer here reflects best practice for the specific scenario described — not a general cloud recommendation. Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option. Cloud exam questions reward reading the constraint carefully: the same technology can be right or wrong depending on the use case.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Identify which AZ-500 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this AZ-500 question test?

Secure Azure using Microsoft Defender for Cloud and Microsoft Sentinel — This question tests Secure Azure using Microsoft Defender for Cloud and Microsoft Sentinel — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: SigninLogs | where ResultType !in ("0","50125") // failed attempts | summarize Count = count() by IPAddress, bin(TimeGenerated, 5m) | where Count > 10 — Option A is correct because it groups failed sign-ins by IP address, counts them within a 5-minute time window, and filters for counts greater than 10. Option B is wrong because it uses time-generated, which is not a standard column; the correct column is TimeGenerated. Option C is wrong because it incorrectly uses 'make-series' which is for time series analysis, not simple aggregation. Option D is wrong because it filters only successful sign-ins.

What should I do if I get this AZ-500 question wrong?

Identify which AZ-500 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

About these practice questions

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Same concept, more angles

2 more ways this is tested on AZ-500

These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.

Variation 1. Refer to the exhibit. You are creating a Microsoft Sentinel scheduled analytics rule using the KQL query shown. The rule is set to run every hour. What will this rule detect?

medium
  • A.Successful logins from a single IP address
  • ✓ B.Accounts that have more than 10 failed logins from a specific IP address in the last hour
  • C.Total failed logins in the last 24 hours
  • D.Accounts with more than 10 failed logins from any IP address

Why B: Option D is correct because the query counts failed logins (EventID 4625) per account and IP address in the last hour, then filters for more than 10. Option A is wrong because it's about failed logins, not successful. Option B is wrong because it's per account and IP, not just per account. Option C is wrong because it's per hour, not cumulative across days.

Variation 2. Refer to the exhibit. You are analyzing a KQL query in Microsoft Sentinel. The query returns a list of IP addresses that have attempted to sign in more than 10 times in the last day. You notice that the query does not filter out successful sign-ins. You need to modify the query to count only failed sign-in attempts. What should you add?

medium
  • A.Add '| where Status == "Failure"' before the summarize
  • B.Add '| where Result == "Failure"' before the summarize
  • C.Add '| where ResultType == "0"' before the summarize
  • ✓ D.Add '| where ResultType != "0"' before the summarize

Why D: Option C is correct because filtering by ResultType != "0" excludes successful sign-ins (ResultType == "0"). Option A is wrong because ResultType == "0" only includes successful sign-ins. Option B is wrong because Status is not a column; the correct column is ResultType. Option D is wrong because the column is ResultType, not Result.

Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026

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