- A
Use a Private Endpoint for the storage account and configure a service endpoint on the virtual network.
Why wrong: Private Endpoint provides private connectivity but does not filter by source IP; service endpoint is not needed with Private Endpoint.
- B
Generate a shared access signature (SAS) token that is valid only from corporate IPs and attach it to the file share.
Why wrong: SAS tokens are not typically used for user home directories; they expire and cannot enforce persistent access control.
- C
Configure a storage account firewall to allow only the corporate IP range, and enable diagnostic settings to send logs to a Log Analytics workspace.
Correctly restricts access by IP and enables logging.
- D
Assign Azure AD DS to the storage account and enable Azure AD authentication for Azure Files, then configure conditional access policies.
Why wrong: Azure AD authentication does not restrict by source IP; Conditional Access policies apply to cloud apps, not directly to storage account firewall.
Quick Answer
The correct answer is to configure a storage account firewall to allow only the corporate IP range and enable diagnostic settings to send logs to a Log Analytics workspace. This combination directly addresses Azure Files network security by using the storage firewall to enforce access from trusted IPs only, while diagnostic logging captures all activity for auditing. On the AZ-500 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of how Azure Files integrates with network controls and monitoring—a common trap is confusing Private Endpoint (which secures traffic over a private network but does not filter by source IP) with IP-based firewalls. Remember that for IP-based restrictions, you need the storage account firewall, not Private Endpoint or SAS tokens. A useful memory tip: “Firewall for the fence, Logs for the lens”—the firewall blocks untrusted IPs, and diagnostic logs give you visibility into who gets through.
AZ-500 Secure compute, storage, and databases Practice Question
This AZ-500 practice question tests your understanding of secure compute, storage, and databases. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Your organization uses Azure Files shares for user home directories. You need to enforce that users access these shares only from trusted locations (corporate IP ranges) and that all access is logged. Which combination of actions should you take?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Configure a storage account firewall to allow only the corporate IP range, and enable diagnostic settings to send logs to a Log Analytics workspace.
Azure Files supports network security using service endpoints and firewalls to restrict access to specific IP ranges. Diagnostic settings can send logs to Log Analytics. Option A is correct. Option B is incorrect because Private Endpoint does not filter by IP. Option C is incorrect because SAS tokens are for delegated access, not IP restriction. Option D is incorrect because Azure AD DS does not filter by source IP.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use a Private Endpoint for the storage account and configure a service endpoint on the virtual network.
Why it's wrong here
Private Endpoint provides private connectivity but does not filter by source IP; service endpoint is not needed with Private Endpoint.
- ✗
Generate a shared access signature (SAS) token that is valid only from corporate IPs and attach it to the file share.
Why it's wrong here
SAS tokens are not typically used for user home directories; they expire and cannot enforce persistent access control.
- ✓
Configure a storage account firewall to allow only the corporate IP range, and enable diagnostic settings to send logs to a Log Analytics workspace.
Why this is correct
Correctly restricts access by IP and enables logging.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- ✗
Assign Azure AD DS to the storage account and enable Azure AD authentication for Azure Files, then configure conditional access policies.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
- Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
- NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
- Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
- Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
- Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related AZ-500 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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Secure compute, storage, and databases — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AZ-500 question test?
Secure compute, storage, and databases — This question tests Secure compute, storage, and databases — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Configure a storage account firewall to allow only the corporate IP range, and enable diagnostic settings to send logs to a Log Analytics workspace. — Azure Files supports network security using service endpoints and firewalls to restrict access to specific IP ranges. Diagnostic settings can send logs to Log Analytics. Option A is correct. Option B is incorrect because Private Endpoint does not filter by IP. Option C is incorrect because SAS tokens are for delegated access, not IP restriction. Option D is incorrect because Azure AD DS does not filter by source IP.
What should I do if I get this AZ-500 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related AZ-500 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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