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A company has an Azure virtual network with multiple subnets. They want to centrally inspect and log all outbound traffic to the internet. They also need to allow or deny traffic based on domain names (FQDNs). Which Azure resource should they deploy?

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A company has an Azure virtual network with multiple subnets. They want to centrally inspect and log all outbound traffic to the internet. They also need to allow or deny traffic based on domain names (FQDNs). Which Azure resource should they deploy?

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Answer choices

Why each option matters

Good practice is not just finding the correct option. The wrong answers often show the exact trap the exam wants you to fall into.

A

Best answer

Azure Firewall

Azure Firewall can inspect outbound traffic, log it via diagnostic settings, and use application rules to allow/deny based on FQDNs. It is fully managed and integrates with Azure Monitor for logging.

B

Distractor review

Network Virtual Appliance (NVA) from Azure Marketplace

NVAs such as third-party firewalls can also perform FQDN filtering and inspection, but they require additional management, licensing, and high-availability configuration. Azure Firewall is the simpler, native solution.

C

Distractor review

Azure Application Gateway with Web Application Firewall (WAF)

Application Gateway is a Layer 7 load balancer with WAF for inbound web traffic. It is not designed for outbound traffic inspection or general FQDN filtering.

D

Distractor review

Azure Network Security Groups (NSGs)

NSGs control traffic at the subnet or NIC level using rules based on IP addresses, ports, and protocols. They cannot filter based on FQDNs and do not provide central logging for all outbound traffic.

Common exam trap

Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses

Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.

Technical deep dive

How to think about this question

Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.

KKey Concepts to Remember

  • CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
  • Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
  • Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
  • The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.

TExam Day Tips

  • Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
  • Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
  • Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.

Related practice questions

Related AZ-500 practice-question pages

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More questions from this exam

Keep practising from the same exam bank, or move into a focused topic page if this question exposed a weak area.

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Question 4

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Question 5

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Question 6

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this AZ-500 question test?

CIDR notation defines the prefix length.

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Azure Firewall — Azure Firewall is a managed, stateful firewall as a service. It provides central outbound traffic inspection and can filter based on FQDNs using application rules. Network Virtual Appliances (NVAs) can also do this but require manual management and licensing. Azure Firewall is the recommended PaaS solution.

What should I do if I get this AZ-500 question wrong?

Then try more questions from the same exam bank and focus on understanding why the wrong options are tempting.

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