Question 1hardmultiple choice
Full question →hardmultiple choiceObjective-mapped
A company has a hub-spoke network topology with Azure Firewall deployed in the hub virtual network. Spoke virtual networks are peered to the hub. The security team needs to ensure that all outbound internet traffic from virtual machines in a spoke subnet goes through the Azure Firewall. They have configured a route table on the spoke subnet with a default route (0.0.0.0/0) pointing to the Azure Firewall private IP address. However, traffic from spoke VMs is still bypassing the firewall and going directly to the internet. What is the most likely reason?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Good practice is not just finding the correct option. The wrong answers often show the exact trap the exam wants you to fall into.
A
Best answer
The route table is not associated with the spoke subnet.
Correct. Without explicit association, the subnet uses system routes and traffic bypasses the firewall. The route table must be associated to the subnet to take effect.
B
Distractor review
Azure Firewall is not configured with DNAT rules for outbound traffic.
Incorrect. DNAT rules are used to translate destination addresses for inbound traffic, not for routing outbound traffic. Outbound traffic uses the firewall's public IP via SNAT, which doesn't require DNAT rules.
C
Distractor review
The spoke VNet peering does not allow gateway transit.
Incorrect. Gateway transit is needed when using a VPN gateway in the hub as a transit point, not for Azure Firewall. Forced tunneling to Azure Firewall relies on route tables, not peering settings.
D
Distractor review
The route table has a higher priority than system routes.
Incorrect. User-defined routes (in route tables) have a higher priority than system routes, so if the route table is associated, they would override the system default route. This statement is true but not a reason for failure.
Common exam trap
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Technical deep dive
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
- Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
- The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
- Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
- Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
- Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Related practice questions
Related AZ-500 practice-question pages
Use these pages to review the topic behind this question. This is how one missed question becomes focused revision.
More questions from this exam
Keep practising from the same exam bank, or move into a focused topic page if this question exposed a weak area.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AZ-500 question test?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The route table is not associated with the spoke subnet. — For a user-defined route table to affect traffic from a subnet, it must be explicitly associated with that subnet. Simply creating the route table with the desired routes is insufficient; association is required. In many cases, administrators create the route table but forget to associate it with the subnet, causing the subnet to continue using system routes (which allow direct internet access). Option A is the most likely reason. Option B is incorrect because Azure Firewall does not require DNAT rules for outbound traffic. Option C (gateway transit) is for VPN gateway scenarios, not for Azure Firewall outbound routing. Option D is false because user-defined routes take precedence over system routes.
What should I do if I get this AZ-500 question wrong?
Then try more questions from the same exam bank and focus on understanding why the wrong options are tempting.
Discussion
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