- A
VNet peering with user-defined routes (UDRs) and network virtual appliances (NVAs)
Why wrong: This can achieve the goal but requires manual configuration of UDRs for each spoke and management of NVAs. It does not inherently prevent direct spoke-to-spoke communication without additional rules, and administrative overhead is high.
- B
Azure Virtual WAN with routing policies
Azure Virtual WAN provides a centralized hub that connects all spoke VNets and on-premises networks. Routing policies can force traffic through NVAs and block direct spoke-to-spoke routing, all managed with built-in features and minimal overhead.
- C
Azure VPN Gateway with route-based VPN
Why wrong: A VPN Gateway only connects on-premises to Azure; it does not create a hub-and-spoke topology among VNets or provide traffic inspection capabilities.
- D
Azure ExpressRoute with private peering
Why wrong: ExpressRoute provides dedicated connectivity to on-premises but does not address VNet-to-VNet routing or traffic inspection within Azure.
AZ-305 Design infrastructure solutions Practice Question
This AZ-305 practice question tests your understanding of design infrastructure solutions. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has multiple Azure virtual networks (VNets) in different regions and an on-premises data center. They need to implement a hub-and-spoke topology where the hub VNet hosts shared services like firewalls and DNS. All traffic between spokes, and between spokes and on-premises, must be routed through the hub for inspection. Additionally, spoke VNets must not be able to directly communicate with each other. Which Azure networking solution should they implement to meet these requirements with minimal administrative overhead?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Azure Virtual WAN with routing policies
Azure Virtual WAN with routing policies is the correct choice because it provides a managed hub-and-spoke topology that automatically routes all traffic between spokes and on-premises through the hub for inspection, without requiring manual user-defined routes (UDRs) or complex peering configurations. It enforces spoke isolation by default and integrates with network virtual appliances (NVAs) for traffic inspection, minimizing administrative overhead through centralized routing policies.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
VNet peering with user-defined routes (UDRs) and network virtual appliances (NVAs)
Why it's wrong here
This can achieve the goal but requires manual configuration of UDRs for each spoke and management of NVAs. It does not inherently prevent direct spoke-to-spoke communication without additional rules, and administrative overhead is high.
- ✓
Azure Virtual WAN with routing policies
Why this is correct
Azure Virtual WAN provides a centralized hub that connects all spoke VNets and on-premises networks. Routing policies can force traffic through NVAs and block direct spoke-to-spoke routing, all managed with built-in features and minimal overhead.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Azure VPN Gateway with route-based VPN
- ✗
Azure ExpressRoute with private peering
Why it's wrong here
ExpressRoute provides dedicated connectivity to on-premises but does not address VNet-to-VNet routing or traffic inspection within Azure.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often choose VNet peering with UDRs (Option A) because it seems familiar and technically capable, but they overlook the 'minimal administrative overhead' requirement, which Azure Virtual WAN explicitly addresses by automating routing and isolation.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Azure Virtual WAN uses a managed hub that automatically propagates routes from the hub to all connected spokes via BGP, ensuring traffic between spokes is routed through the hub without manual UDRs. The routing policies allow you to specify that all inter-spoke and on-premises traffic must traverse an NVA deployed in the hub, leveraging the Virtual WAN's ability to inject routes from the NVA into the hub's routing table. This eliminates the need for complex peering and UDR management, as Virtual WAN handles route propagation and isolation natively.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A healthcare organisation deploys an application with a public-facing web tier and a private database tier. The database subnet has no public IP and only accepts connections from the web tier's security group. Questions like this test whether you can design cloud network isolation using VNets/VPCs, subnets, and security group rules.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AZ-305 question test?
Design infrastructure solutions — This question tests Design infrastructure solutions — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Azure Virtual WAN with routing policies — Azure Virtual WAN with routing policies is the correct choice because it provides a managed hub-and-spoke topology that automatically routes all traffic between spokes and on-premises through the hub for inspection, without requiring manual user-defined routes (UDRs) or complex peering configurations. It enforces spoke isolation by default and integrates with network virtual appliances (NVAs) for traffic inspection, minimizing administrative overhead through centralized routing policies.
What should I do if I get this AZ-305 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
This AZ-305 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AZ-305 exam.
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