- A
Use a hub-spoke topology with Azure Firewall in the hub for all outbound traffic.
In a hub-spoke topology, the hub VNet contains shared services like Azure Firewall. Spoke VNets are peered to the hub, and UDRs in each spoke subnet route default internet-bound traffic (0.0.0.0/0) to the firewall. This ensures all outbound traffic is inspected by the firewall, providing centralized filtering.
- B
Use a single virtual network for all resources with a network virtual appliance.
Why wrong: A single VNet for multiple subscriptions is not possible because VNets are scoped to a subscription. Also, a single VNet may exceed limits (e.g., 65,536 resources). This approach does not scale and mixes resources.
- C
Use an Azure Virtual WAN with security virtual WAN hub.
Why wrong: Virtual WAN can centralize security (using Azure Firewall in the hub) and supports multiple subscriptions, but it is a more complex and expensive solution when you only have a few on-premises sites. Standard hub-spoke is simpler if you don't need global connectivity features like VPN site-to-site to many branches.
- D
Use Azure Traffic Manager with Azure Firewall.
Why wrong: Azure Traffic Manager is a DNS-based load balancer for distributing traffic across endpoints. It cannot enforce outbound traffic policies. Azure Firewall is a security service, but without proper routing (UDRs) and VNet architecture, it cannot control outbound traffic from multiple VNets.
Quick Answer
The answer is to implement a hub-spoke topology with Azure Firewall in the hub to centralize outbound internet traffic. This architecture is correct because it uses user-defined routes (UDRs) on spoke subnets with a 0.0.0.0/0 next hop pointing to the Azure Firewall, forcing all outbound internet traffic from Azure VMs through a single, centrally managed firewall for consistent web filtering and security policy enforcement. On the AZ-305 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of network segmentation and egress control, often appearing alongside ExpressRoute integration to ensure all internet-bound traffic—even from on-premises—exits through one controlled point. A common trap is to propose a VPN gateway or a third-party NVA in each spoke, which breaks the centralization requirement. Memory tip: think “hub for egress, spoke for ingress”—the hub owns the 0.0.0.0/0 route to the firewall, while spokes handle internal traffic.
AZ-305 Design infrastructure solutions Practice Question
This AZ-305 practice question tests your understanding of design infrastructure solutions. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has multiple Azure subscriptions and on-premises data centers connected via ExpressRoute. They want to centralize connectivity to the internet and enforce a single web filtering and security policy for all outbound internet traffic from Azure VMs. Which Azure networking architecture should they implement?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Use a hub-spoke topology with Azure Firewall in the hub for all outbound traffic.
Option A is correct because a hub-spoke topology with Azure Firewall in the hub provides a centralized point for routing all outbound internet traffic from Azure VMs. By using user-defined routes (UDRs) on the spoke subnets that point to the Azure Firewall as the default gateway (0.0.0.0/0 next hop), all outbound traffic is forced through the firewall, enabling consistent web filtering and security policy enforcement. This architecture also integrates seamlessly with ExpressRoute for on-premises connectivity, ensuring a single egress point for internet-bound traffic.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Use a hub-spoke topology with Azure Firewall in the hub for all outbound traffic.
Why this is correct
In a hub-spoke topology, the hub VNet contains shared services like Azure Firewall. Spoke VNets are peered to the hub, and UDRs in each spoke subnet route default internet-bound traffic (0.0.0.0/0) to the firewall. This ensures all outbound traffic is inspected by the firewall, providing centralized filtering.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Use a single virtual network for all resources with a network virtual appliance.
Why it's wrong here
A single VNet for multiple subscriptions is not possible because VNets are scoped to a subscription. Also, a single VNet may exceed limits (e.g., 65,536 resources). This approach does not scale and mixes resources.
- ✗
Use an Azure Virtual WAN with security virtual WAN hub.
Why it's wrong here
Virtual WAN can centralize security (using Azure Firewall in the hub) and supports multiple subscriptions, but it is a more complex and expensive solution when you only have a few on-premises sites. Standard hub-spoke is simpler if you don't need global connectivity features like VPN site-to-site to many branches.
- ✗
Use Azure Traffic Manager with Azure Firewall.
Why it's wrong here
Azure Traffic Manager is a DNS-based load balancer for distributing traffic across endpoints. It cannot enforce outbound traffic policies. Azure Firewall is a security service, but without proper routing (UDRs) and VNet architecture, it cannot control outbound traffic from multiple VNets.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse Azure Virtual WAN with a simple hub-spoke topology, assuming Virtual WAN is required for centralized internet egress, but Virtual WAN is primarily for SD-WAN and branch connectivity, not for enforcing outbound web filtering from Azure VMs in a multi-subscription environment.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Under the hood, the hub-spoke topology leverages forced tunneling via UDRs with a 0.0.0.0/0 route pointing to the Azure Firewall's private IP as the next hop. Azure Firewall uses a stateful packet inspection engine that can apply application rules (FQDN-based) and network rules (IP/port-based) to filter outbound traffic. For high availability, Azure Firewall is deployed in an Availability Zone configuration, and the hub virtual network must have a subnet named 'AzureFirewallSubnet' (minimum /26) to host the firewall. In a real-world scenario, this setup ensures that all outbound traffic from VMs in spoke VNets traverses the firewall, even if the VMs are in different subscriptions, by using VNet peering and UDRs on the spoke subnets.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
An e-commerce site experiences heavy traffic on Black Friday and near-zero traffic during off-peak weeks. Rather than provisioning permanent large VMs, the team uses auto-scaling groups that add capacity automatically under load and reduce it overnight. Questions like this test whether you understand elasticity, availability zones, and cloud compute scaling patterns.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AZ-305 question test?
Design infrastructure solutions — This question tests Design infrastructure solutions — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Use a hub-spoke topology with Azure Firewall in the hub for all outbound traffic. — Option A is correct because a hub-spoke topology with Azure Firewall in the hub provides a centralized point for routing all outbound internet traffic from Azure VMs. By using user-defined routes (UDRs) on the spoke subnets that point to the Azure Firewall as the default gateway (0.0.0.0/0 next hop), all outbound traffic is forced through the firewall, enabling consistent web filtering and security policy enforcement. This architecture also integrates seamlessly with ExpressRoute for on-premises connectivity, ensuring a single egress point for internet-bound traffic.
What should I do if I get this AZ-305 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
This AZ-305 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AZ-305 exam.
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