- A
Set route tables on spoke subnets with a 0.0.0.0/0 route to the Internet
Why wrong: Incorrect. This routes all outbound traffic to the internet, not through the hub NVA, and does not enforce inspection for inter-spoke traffic.
- B
Configure Azure Firewall in the hub with forced tunneling to on-premises
Why wrong: Incorrect. Forced tunneling sends outbound traffic to on-premises, but it does not route inter-spoke traffic through the hub NVA.
- C
Create user-defined routes (UDRs) in each spoke subnet that force traffic to go through the hub NVA
Correct. UDRs allow precise control of traffic routing; adding a route for the spoke address spaces with next hop as the NVA IP enforces inspection.
- D
Use VNet peering with gateway transit enabled
Why wrong: Incorrect. Gateway transit allows spokes to use the hub's VPN/ExpressRoute gateway, but it does not force inter-spoke traffic through the NVA without additional UDRs.
Quick Answer
The correct answer is to create user-defined routes (UDRs) in each spoke subnet that force traffic through the hub NVA. This works because UDRs override Azure’s default system routes, allowing you to explicitly direct inter-spoke traffic to the NVA’s private IP as the next hop, ensuring all packets are inspected before reaching another spoke. On the Microsoft Azure Solutions Architect Expert AZ-305 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of hub-spoke inter-spoke routing via NVA UDRs, often appearing as a distractor against options like VNet peering or Azure Firewall—remember that peering alone does not force traffic through a third-party appliance. A common trap is assuming VNet peering automatically routes between spokes, but without UDRs, traffic bypasses the NVA. Memory tip: think “UDRs are the steering wheel, NVA is the checkpoint”—without the wheel, traffic takes the default highway straight to the other spoke.
AZ-305 Design infrastructure solutions Practice Question
This AZ-305 practice question tests your understanding of design infrastructure solutions. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is designing a hub-spoke network topology in Azure. The hub contains a third-party network virtual appliance (NVA) for inspection. Spokes need to communicate with each other, and all inter-spoke traffic must be routed through the NVA in the hub. Which configuration should they use?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create user-defined routes (UDRs) in each spoke subnet that force traffic to go through the hub NVA
Option C is correct because user-defined routes (UDRs) allow you to explicitly override Azure's default system routes. By adding a route in each spoke subnet with the hub NVA's private IP as the next hop for inter-spoke traffic (e.g., 10.1.0.0/16 -> 10.0.0.4), all traffic between spokes is forced through the NVA for inspection. This ensures the hub-spoke topology meets the requirement without relying on Azure Firewall or Internet routing.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Set route tables on spoke subnets with a 0.0.0.0/0 route to the Internet
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. This routes all outbound traffic to the internet, not through the hub NVA, and does not enforce inspection for inter-spoke traffic.
- ✗
Configure Azure Firewall in the hub with forced tunneling to on-premises
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. Forced tunneling sends outbound traffic to on-premises, but it does not route inter-spoke traffic through the hub NVA.
- ✓
Create user-defined routes (UDRs) in each spoke subnet that force traffic to go through the hub NVA
Why this is correct
Correct. UDRs allow precise control of traffic routing; adding a route for the spoke address spaces with next hop as the NVA IP enforces inspection.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Use VNet peering with gateway transit enabled
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse VNet peering's built-in transitive routing (which is disabled by default) with the ability to force traffic through an NVA, mistakenly thinking peering alone or gateway transit can achieve the required inspection without explicit UDRs.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
UDRs are applied at the subnet level and override Azure's default system routes, which normally allow direct VNet peering traffic between spokes. The route table must include a specific prefix (e.g., the spoke's address space) with the NVA's private IP as the next hop; a 0.0.0.0/0 route would also work but is less precise. For the NVA to forward traffic between spokes, IP forwarding must be enabled on the NVA's NIC, and the NVA itself must be configured to route and inspect the traffic, as Azure does not automatically handle this.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A healthcare organisation deploys an application with a public-facing web tier and a private database tier. The database subnet has no public IP and only accepts connections from the web tier's security group. Questions like this test whether you can design cloud network isolation using VNets/VPCs, subnets, and security group rules.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AZ-305 question test?
Design infrastructure solutions — This question tests Design infrastructure solutions — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create user-defined routes (UDRs) in each spoke subnet that force traffic to go through the hub NVA — Option C is correct because user-defined routes (UDRs) allow you to explicitly override Azure's default system routes. By adding a route in each spoke subnet with the hub NVA's private IP as the next hop for inter-spoke traffic (e.g., 10.1.0.0/16 -> 10.0.0.4), all traffic between spokes is forced through the NVA for inspection. This ensures the hub-spoke topology meets the requirement without relying on Azure Firewall or Internet routing.
What should I do if I get this AZ-305 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
Courseiva creates original exam-style practice questions with explanations and wrong-answer analysis. It does not publish real exam questions, exam dumps, or protected exam content. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →
Same concept, more angles
1 more ways this is tested on AZ-305
These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.
Variation 1. Your company has an Azure subscription that contains a hub virtual network and multiple spoke virtual networks connected via VNet peering. You need to ensure that all traffic between spokes is routed through a network virtual appliance (NVA) in the hub. The NVA is configured with IP forwarding enabled. What should you configure in the spoke virtual networks?
medium- A.Deploy a VPN gateway in each spoke and configure site-to-site VPNs.
- B.Configure NSG rules to block direct spoke-to-spoke traffic.
- ✓ C.Add route tables to the spoke subnets with a default route (0.0.0.0/0) pointing to the NVA's private IP.
- D.Enable BGP on the VNet peerings.
Why C: Option A is correct because user-defined routes (UDRs) in the spoke subnets with next hop as the NVA's private IP address force traffic through the NVA. Option B is wrong because BGP alone is not sufficient without route tables. Option C is wrong because VPN gateways are not needed. Option D is wrong because NSGs do not route.
Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
This AZ-305 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AZ-305 exam.
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