- A
Microsoft Entra ID Identity Protection and Conditional Access
Correct. Identity Protection detects risks like leaked credentials and unusual sign-ins, and Conditional Access uses these risks to enforce adaptive policies for a zero-trust model.
- B
Microsoft Entra ID Privileged Identity Management and Access Reviews
Why wrong: Incorrect. These features manage privileged roles and periodic access reviews, not real-time risk-based conditional access.
- C
Microsoft Entra ID B2B and External Identities
Why wrong: Incorrect. These features facilitate collaboration with external users, not conditional access based on risk.
- D
Microsoft Entra ID Domain Services and Managed Identities
Why wrong: Incorrect. Microsoft Entra ID DS provides domain services for VMs, and Managed Identities are for application credentials, neither addresses conditional access with risk.
Quick Answer
The answer is a combination of Microsoft Entra ID Identity Protection and Conditional Access. Identity Protection provides the real-time user risk and sign-in risk signals, such as leaked credentials or anonymous IP addresses, while Conditional Access policies consume those signals to enforce access controls like blocking access or requiring multi-factor authentication. Additionally, Conditional Access can check device compliance via Microsoft Intune, ensuring only managed devices can access resources—a core tenet of zero-trust. On the AZ-305 exam, this pairing tests your ability to architect a zero-trust identity strategy; a common trap is assuming Azure AD Premium P1 is sufficient, but Identity Protection’s risk-based policies require P2. Remember the mnemonic “RID-C” for Risk detection (Identity Protection), Integration (with Conditional Access), and Device compliance (Conditional Access) to recall the full zero-trust chain.
AZ-305 Practice Question: Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions
This AZ-305 practice question tests your understanding of design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A large enterprise wants to enforce zero-trust conditional access policies that use real-time user risk, sign-in risk, and device compliance. Which combination of Microsoft Entra ID features should they use?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Microsoft Entra ID Identity Protection and Conditional Access
Microsoft Entra ID Identity Protection provides real-time risk detection for users and sign-ins, while Conditional Access policies can enforce access controls based on those risk signals and device compliance. Together, they enable zero-trust conditional access by blocking or requiring MFA when user or sign-in risk is high, and ensuring only compliant devices can access resources.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Microsoft Entra ID Identity Protection and Conditional Access
Why this is correct
Correct. Identity Protection detects risks like leaked credentials and unusual sign-ins, and Conditional Access uses these risks to enforce adaptive policies for a zero-trust model.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Microsoft Entra ID Privileged Identity Management and Access Reviews
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. These features manage privileged roles and periodic access reviews, not real-time risk-based conditional access.
- ✗
Microsoft Entra ID B2B and External Identities
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. These features facilitate collaboration with external users, not conditional access based on risk.
- ✗
Microsoft Entra ID Domain Services and Managed Identities
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. Microsoft Entra ID DS provides domain services for VMs, and Managed Identities are for application credentials, neither addresses conditional access with risk.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates confuse Privileged Identity Management (PIM) with risk-based conditional access, but PIM only manages role activation and does not evaluate user/sign-in risk or device compliance in real time.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Identity Protection uses machine learning models to calculate user risk (e.g., leaked credentials) and sign-in risk (e.g., anonymous IP, atypical travel) in real time, exposing these as signals via the Conditional Access risk policy. The Conditional Access engine evaluates these risk levels alongside device compliance (from Intune) to enforce granular controls like block, require MFA, or require password change, all within the same policy evaluation cycle.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AZ-305 question test?
Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions — This question tests Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Microsoft Entra ID Identity Protection and Conditional Access — Microsoft Entra ID Identity Protection provides real-time risk detection for users and sign-ins, while Conditional Access policies can enforce access controls based on those risk signals and device compliance. Together, they enable zero-trust conditional access by blocking or requiring MFA when user or sign-in risk is high, and ensuring only compliant devices can access resources.
What should I do if I get this AZ-305 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
This AZ-305 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Microsoft certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the AZ-305 exam.
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