Question 1hardmultiple choice
Full question →hardmultiple choiceObjective-mapped
A company has a hub-spoke network topology in Azure. They have multiple spoke VNets connected to a hub VNet via peering. They need to ensure that all east-west traffic between spoke VNets goes through a network virtual appliance (NVA) in the hub for inspection. Additionally, all outbound internet traffic from spoke VMs must use a single public IP address. What should they configure?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Good practice is not just finding the correct option. The wrong answers often show the exact trap the exam wants you to fall into.
A
Distractor review
Configure spoke VNets with a default route to the NVA IP, and deploy a NAT gateway in the hub for outbound traffic.
A default route would send all traffic to the NVA, including internet traffic, but NAT gateway is not the correct way to route internet traffic through the NVA. Also, east-west traffic routing requires specific UDRs for other spoke address ranges.
B
Distractor review
Configure a route table in each spoke with a route to the hub NVA for inter-spoke traffic, and use Azure Firewall in the hub for outbound internet traffic.
This is partially correct but missing the need to enable 'Allow forwarded traffic' on peering. Without that, the NVA cannot forward packets between spokes even with UDRs. However, this is still a plausible but incomplete answer. Option D is more complete.
C
Distractor review
Enable 'Allow gateway transit' on the hub VNet and 'Use remote gateways' on the spoke VNets for the NVA.
Gateway transit is a feature for VPN/ExpressRoute gateways, not for NVAs. NVAs require UDRs and forwarded traffic settings, not gateway transit.
D
Best answer
Configure VNet peering with 'Allow forwarded traffic' enabled, add user-defined routes in each spoke pointing to the NVA IP for inter-spoke traffic, and use Azure Firewall in the hub for outbound internet with a default route in spokes.
This combination correctly routes east-west traffic through the NVA using UDRs and 'Allow forwarded traffic'. For outbound, Azure Firewall provides a single public IP and UDRs direct internet traffic to it.
Common exam trap
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Technical deep dive
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
- Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
- NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
- Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
- Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
- Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
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More questions from this exam
Keep practising from the same exam bank, or move into a focused topic page if this question exposed a weak area.
Question 1
A company is designing hub-and-spoke networking. Spoke VNets must use a central Azure Firewall for outbound internet traffic. Which two configurations are required?
Question 2
A company is designing private access to a PaaS database from workloads in a VNet. The database should not be reachable over its public endpoint. What should be recommended?
Question 3
A data platform must support analytical queries over petabytes of files in a data lake, while preserving hierarchical namespaces and fine-grained ACLs. Which storage service should you design around?
Question 4
A database workload has an RPO of 15 minutes and an RTO of 4 hours. Cost is more important than near-zero data loss. Which design is usually more appropriate than synchronous multi-region replication?
Question 5
A hub-and-spoke Azure network must centralize outbound inspection and still allow spokes to resolve private endpoint DNS names. Which two components are commonly required? (Choose 2.)
Question 6
A multinational company uses Microsoft Entra ID and several Azure subscriptions. Security administrators need to review privileged role assignments every month and require justification for continued access. Which design should be recommended?
FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this AZ-305 question test?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Configure VNet peering with 'Allow forwarded traffic' enabled, add user-defined routes in each spoke pointing to the NVA IP for inter-spoke traffic, and use Azure Firewall in the hub for outbound internet with a default route in spokes. — To route east-west traffic through the NVA, you need to configure user-defined routes (UDRs) in each spoke VNet that point the traffic destined for other spoke VNet address spaces to the NVA's IP address. You also must enable 'Allow forwarded traffic' on the VNet peering connection from the hub to the spokes so that the NVA can forward traffic. For outbound internet traffic, you can deploy Azure Firewall in the hub and configure a default route (0.0.0.0/0) in the spokes pointing to Azure Firewall (or the NVA if it also does NAT). Azure Firewall can provide a single public IP for all outbound traffic. Option D correctly describes these components. Option A uses NAT gateway which works for outbound but does not route east-west traffic through the NVA. Option B mentions Azure Firewall for outbound but lacks the specific route configuration for east-west. Option C assumes gateway transit, but NVA is not a VPN gateway.
What should I do if I get this AZ-305 question wrong?
Then try more questions from the same exam bank and focus on understanding why the wrong options are tempting.
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