AZ-305 Practice Question: Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions
This AZ-305 practice question tests your understanding of design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. A key principle to apply: conditional Access policies are 'if-then' statements for access control.. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company uses Microsoft Entra ID (Microsoft Entra ID). They need to ensure that users who access sensitive cloud applications from untrusted networks (e.g., public Wi-Fi) are prompted for multi-factor authentication (MFA). Which Microsoft Entra ID feature should they configure?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Conditional Access
Conditional Access policies in Microsoft Entra ID allow administrators to define conditions (e.g., network location, device state) under which access to cloud applications is granted. By configuring a policy that targets sensitive applications and requires MFA when the user's IP address is from an untrusted network (such as public Wi-Fi), the company can enforce MFA only when the risk condition is met, without affecting access from trusted corporate networks.
Key principle: Conditional Access policies are 'if-then' statements for access control.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✓
Conditional Access
Why this is correct
Conditional Access policies evaluate conditions like network location and can require MFA when accessing from untrusted networks.
Related concept
Conditional Access policies are 'if-then' statements for access control.
✗
Identity Protection
Why it's wrong here
Identity Protection detects identity risks but does not directly enforce MFA based on network location.
✗
Privileged Identity Management (PIM)
Why it's wrong here
PIM is for managing, controlling, and monitoring access to privileged roles, not for MFA enforcement based on location.
✗
Microsoft Entra ID B2C
Why it's wrong here
B2C is for customer identity and access management, not for internal user MFA based on network location.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse Identity Protection's risk-based MFA with Conditional Access's location-based MFA, but Identity Protection alone cannot enforce MFA based solely on network location—it requires a Conditional Access policy to act on the risk signal.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Conditional Access policies are evaluated at the authentication request level, using the user's IP address to determine network location via named locations (e.g., trusted IP ranges). The policy enforces MFA by sending a SAML or OIDC authentication challenge that triggers the Microsoft Authenticator app or other MFA methods before the token is issued. In real-world scenarios, administrators often combine this with session controls to require re-authentication after a period of inactivity, ensuring that even if a token is stolen, it cannot be reused from an untrusted network without MFA.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Conditional Access policies are 'if-then' statements for access control.
Network location is a primary condition evaluated by Conditional Access.
MFA can be enforced as a grant control within Conditional Access policies.
Named locations in Conditional Access define trusted and untrusted networks.
TExam Day Tips
→Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
→Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Conditional Access policies are 'if-then' statements for access control.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this AZ-305 question in full detail.
Review conditional Access policies are 'if-then' statements for access control., then practise related AZ-305 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.
Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions — This question tests Design identity, governance, and monitoring solutions — Conditional Access policies are 'if-then' statements for access control..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Conditional Access — Conditional Access policies in Microsoft Entra ID allow administrators to define conditions (e.g., network location, device state) under which access to cloud applications is granted. By configuring a policy that targets sensitive applications and requires MFA when the user's IP address is from an untrusted network (such as public Wi-Fi), the company can enforce MFA only when the risk condition is met, without affecting access from trusted corporate networks.
What should I do if I get this AZ-305 question wrong?
Review conditional Access policies are 'if-then' statements for access control., then practise related AZ-305 questions on the same topic to reinforce the concept.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Conditional Access policies are 'if-then' statements for access control.
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