The Power OF The Command Line

A script named deploy.sh must run only when the preceding build command finishes without error. Which shell operator should you place between the two commands to achieve this?

Which TWO of the following commands can be used to view the contents of a file named 'data.txt'? (Choose two.)

You need to determine the absolute path of the `python3` executable that would run if you typed `python3` at the prompt. Which command displays this path?

A user wants to display the current working directory in the shell. Which command should they use?

You want to find lines in 'file.txt' that do NOT contain the word 'success'. Which command works?

What is the result of 'echo $USER'?

A developer is exploring a new project directory and wants to see the names of all files and directories, including those that start with a dot (hidden files). Which command should be used?

A user wants to redirect the standard error of a command to a file named errors.txt while still displaying standard output on the terminal. Which redirection is correct?

You need to display the contents of a file named 'config.txt' directly to your terminal screen. Which command should you use?

Which THREE of the following are valid ways to get help on a command?

Which TWO of the following regex patterns are valid for grep to match the beginning or end of a line?

Which THREE of the following tools can be used for text processing?

A colleague's shell script contains the line: find /var/log -name '*.log' -exec rm {} \; You need to explain what this line does before approving it. What is the effect of the -exec primary here?

Which command is used to display the current working directory in the terminal?

A user runs the command `grep '^root' /etc/passwd` and sees only the line starting with 'root'. They now want to find all lines that do NOT start with 'root'. Which command should they use?

Which TWO of the following commands can be used to redirect input from a file?

Which TWO of the following are commands to delete files or directories?

A user is at the shell prompt and wants to display the current working directory. Which command should be used?

While troubleshooting a service, a technician runs `ps aux` and sees a process in state `Z`. The process's parent is PID 1. Which statement best describes what the technician is observing?

Which symbol represents the current user's home directory in the shell?

You need to change the environment variable PATH to include the directory '/opt/bin'. Which command is standard?

You want to find all occurrences of the string 'ERROR' within the 'syslog' file. Which command is most appropriate?

A user wants to run a command that will continue running even after the terminal is closed. Which command should be used to achieve this?

A user wants to create a compressed archive of the directory /home/user/project, including all its subdirectories, and name the archive project.tar.gz. Which command should be used?

You are reviewing a shell script and need to identify commands that are handled internally by the shell rather than by launching a separate executable. Which two of the following are shell builtins? (Choose two.)

A system administrator needs to change the permissions of a script named backup.sh so that the owner can read, write, and execute it, while group members and others can only read and execute it. Which command accomplishes this?

Which THREE of the following are common shell built-in command types?

Which TWO of the following are valid commands for displaying file contents?

Which TWO of the following signals can be used to interact with processes?

Which THREE of the following are valid ways to run commands sequentially?

You need to find files modified within the last 7 days. Which find flag is correct?

A junior administrator runs `grep -r "timeout" /etc` inside a Bash login shell. The output scrolls past the terminal window, so the administrator wants to view the complete results one screen at a time while also being able to scroll back through the earlier lines. Which command should the administrator have used instead?

You want to execute two commands sequentially, but only if the first command succeeds. Which operator is used?

Which command removes a directory and all its contents recursively?

Which TWO of the following help manage compressed archive contents?

Which command-line shortcut allows you to autocomplete filenames and commands?

If you want to view a long text file page by page, which command is most suitable?

Which character is used to append output to an existing file without deleting its original content?

A teammate wants to search a large text file for lines containing the word 'error', ignoring case, and display the matching line numbers. Which command accomplishes this?

You need to set an environment variable named 'MYVAR' to 'hello' so that it is available to child processes. Which command is correct?

You wish to send the output of the 'ls -l' command directly into a file named 'dirlist.txt', overwriting any existing content. Which operator should you use?

Which command is used to display lines of a file that match a pattern, while ignoring case?

You need to create a compressed archive of the '/home/user/docs' directory named 'docs.tar.gz'. Which flag ensures gzip compression is applied?

A user wants to find all files under /home that are larger than 100 MB and were modified in the last 7 days. Which command accomplishes this?

What is the result of the command 'ls -la | grep "^d"'?

A user wants to find all files under /var/log that have been modified within the last 24 hours and are larger than 1 MB, then save the list to /tmp/recent_large.txt. Which command accomplishes this?

While troubleshooting a script, you run `grep -n 'error' /var/log/app.log` and see output lines prefixed with numbers. A colleague asks what those numbers represent. What do they indicate?

A user needs to find every regular file under /var/log whose name ends in `.log` and whose size is larger than 10 megabytes, then delete them. Which command accomplishes this safely?

A user wants to count the number of lines in a file named 'access.log'. Which command should be used?

A user runs `grep -E '^[A-Z][a-z]+ [0-9]{3}$' file.txt` and gets no output, even though file.txt contains lines like `Alpha 123` and `Beta 456`. What is the most likely explanation?

What does the command 'history' do?

How do you check the exit status of the last command executed?

A new administrator wants to see the manual page for the `cp` command to check its options. Which command should they run?

To sort the lines of a text file numerically instead of alphabetically, which flag do you use?

Which THREE of the following represent ways to manipulate command output in a pipe?

You want to replace every occurrence of 'old' with 'new' in the file 'data.txt' and view the result in the terminal. Which command achieves this?

A user wants to find all files in the /var/log directory that have been modified in the last 24 hours and display their names. Which command accomplishes this?

Which THREE of the following are environment variables commonly seen in a Linux shell?

You want to search for a file named 'notes.txt' starting from the root directory. Which command is most efficient?