- A
Enable Access Transparency logs.
Why wrong: These record Google staff access, not user IAM changes.
- B
Use Cloud Asset Inventory to export IAM policies daily.
Why wrong: This provides periodic snapshots, not a continuous audit trail of changes.
- C
Set up Stackdriver (now Cloud Monitoring) alerts on IAM changes.
Why wrong: Alerts notify but do not provide a historical audit log.
- D
Enable Cloud Audit Logs for Admin Activity for all projects.
Admin Activity logs are enabled by default and capture IAM changes.
Question 853 of 1,000
PCDE Practice Question: Bootstrapping a Google Cloud Organisation for DevOps
This PCDE practice question tests your understanding of bootstrapping a google cloud organisation for devops. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has multiple GCP projects and wants to audit all IAM policy changes. They need a solution that captures who made the change, what was changed, and when. The solution should be cost-effective and require minimal setup. What should they use?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Enable Cloud Audit Logs for Admin Activity for all projects.
Cloud Audit Logs for Admin Activity automatically captures all API calls that modify IAM policies, including the identity of the caller, the change made, and the timestamp. This is enabled by default for all GCP projects at no additional cost, making it the most cost-effective and minimal-setup solution for auditing IAM changes.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Enable Access Transparency logs.
Why it's wrong here
These record Google staff access, not user IAM changes.
- ✗
Use Cloud Asset Inventory to export IAM policies daily.
Why it's wrong here
This provides periodic snapshots, not a continuous audit trail of changes.
- ✗
Set up Stackdriver (now Cloud Monitoring) alerts on IAM changes.
Why it's wrong here
Alerts notify but do not provide a historical audit log.
- ✓
Enable Cloud Audit Logs for Admin Activity for all projects.
Why this is correct
Admin Activity logs are enabled by default and capture IAM changes.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates confuse Access Transparency (for Google support actions) with Cloud Audit Logs (for user actions), or think that monitoring alerts provide an audit trail when they only provide real-time notifications.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Admin Activity audit logs are part of Cloud Audit Logs and are enabled by default for all projects, capturing all 'admin.write' operations via the Resource Manager API. These logs are retained for 400 days and can be exported to BigQuery or Cloud Storage for long-term analysis. A subtle behavior is that changes made through the Cloud Console, gcloud CLI, or API are all captured, but changes made by service accounts with delegated authority will show the service account identity, not the end user, unless Access Transparency is also enabled.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A startup's cloud architect reviews their monthly bill and notices costs are higher than expected for a long-running batch job. Switching from on-demand instances to Reserved Instances — or using Spot/Preemptible VMs — can reduce compute costs by up to 72 %. Questions like this test whether you understand the tradeoffs between commitment, flexibility, and cost across cloud pricing models.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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Bootstrapping a Google Cloud Organisation for DevOps — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this PCDE question test?
Bootstrapping a Google Cloud Organisation for DevOps — This question tests Bootstrapping a Google Cloud Organisation for DevOps — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Enable Cloud Audit Logs for Admin Activity for all projects. — Cloud Audit Logs for Admin Activity automatically captures all API calls that modify IAM policies, including the identity of the caller, the change made, and the timestamp. This is enabled by default for all GCP projects at no additional cost, making it the most cost-effective and minimal-setup solution for auditing IAM changes.
What should I do if I get this PCDE question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026
This PCDE practice question is part of Courseiva's free Google Cloud certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the PCDE exam.
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