CCNA Analysing and Optimising Technical and Business Processes Questions — Page 2 of 2

MCQmedium

A company is designing a disaster recovery strategy for a critical application. They need to ensure that if the primary region fails, the application can fail over to a secondary region with a Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of 1 hour and a Recovery Time Objective (RTO) of 15 minutes. The application uses Cloud Spanner. Which Cloud Spanner configuration meets these requirements?

A.Multi-region configuration (e.g., nam3)

B.Single-region configuration

C.Backup and restore in another region

D.Dual-region with asynchronous replication

AnswerA

Multi-region configurations replicate data synchronously across regions, providing automatic failover with RPO=0 and RTO<15 minutes, meeting the requirements.

Why this answer

Cloud Spanner multi-region configurations provide automatic replication across regions with synchronous replication, achieving RPO near zero and RTO in seconds. Single-region configurations do not provide geographic failover. A two-region setup like nam3 (US Central + US East) or eur3 (Europe) provides synchronous replication with strong consistency.

Active/active is the default. Multi-region configs are recommended for DR.

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MCQmedium

An organization deploys a web application on Compute Engine behind a global HTTPS load balancer. They want to reduce latency for users worldwide and minimize load on backend instances. Which GCP service should they use?

A.Cloud Armor

B.Cloud NAT

C.Cloud CDN

D.VPC Network Peering

AnswerC

Cloud CDN caches content at Google's edge locations to reduce latency and backend load.

Why this answer

Cloud CDN uses Google's global edge caches to serve content closer to users, reducing latency and backend load. Cloud Armor provides security, Cloud NAT is for outbound connectivity, and VPC peering is for network connectivity, not caching.

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MCQmedium

A company is migrating a 200 TB on-premises file server to Cloud Storage. The network bandwidth is limited to 100 Mbps. The migration must complete within 30 days. Which approach should they use?

A.Use Storage Transfer Service from another cloud

B.Use gsutil rsync over the network

C.Use Cloud Data Fusion

D.Use Transfer Appliance

AnswerD

Transfer Appliance can physically ship 200 TB of data, which can be transferred within days. This meets the 30-day requirement.

Why this answer

Transfer Appliance is a physical device that can transfer up to 480 TB in a single shipment. At 100 Mbps, transferring 200 TB over the network would take approximately 200 TB * 1024 GB/TB * 8 bits/byte / (100 Mbps) = 1,638,400 Gb / 0.1 Gbps = 16,384,000 seconds ≈ 190 days, far exceeding 30 days. Therefore, using Transfer Appliance is the only feasible option.

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MCQeasy

A company is adopting Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) practices. After a major incident, they want to conduct a review to understand what went wrong and how to prevent recurrence, without blaming individuals. Which SRE practice should they follow?

A.Define SLOs and SLIs

B.Create an error budget policy

C.Perform capacity planning

D.Conduct a blameless postmortem

AnswerD

A blameless postmortem is an SRE practice to review incidents without blame, focusing on systemic improvements.

Why this answer

A blameless postmortem focuses on learning from incidents without assigning blame. Error budgets are for measuring reliability, SLOs/SLIs are for defining targets, and capacity planning is for scaling.

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Multi-Selecthard

A company runs a latency-sensitive web application on Compute Engine in us-east1. They want to improve response times for users in Europe and Asia without changing the application architecture. Which TWO actions should they take? (Choose 2.)

Select 2 answers

A.Use preemptible VMs to reduce cost

B.Enable Cloud CDN on the load balancer

C.Deploy additional instances in us-west1

D.Create a multi-region load balancer and deploy backends in europe-west1 and asia-east1

E.Use Cloud Armor to block high-latency requests

AnswersB, D

Cloud CDN caches static content at edge locations, improving latency for all users.

Why this answer

Cloud CDN caches static content at edge locations globally, reducing latency for users worldwide. Placing a load balancer in multiple regions (multi-region load balancing with proximity-based routing) directs users to the nearest backend region. Using only us-west1 would still leave European users far away.

Cloud Armor is for security, not performance. Spot VMs are for cost savings, not latency.

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MCQhard

A company is migrating a large Oracle database (5 TB) from on-premises to Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL. They require minimal downtime and automated schema conversion. Which Google Cloud service should they use?

A.Velostrata (Migrate for Compute Engine)

B.Transfer Appliance

C.Database Migration Service (DMS)

D.Storage Transfer Service

AnswerC

DMS supports Oracle to Cloud SQL for PostgreSQL migration with minimal downtime and automated schema conversion.

Why this answer

Database Migration Service (DMS) supports homogeneous and heterogeneous migrations with minimal downtime and includes schema conversion for Oracle to PostgreSQL via the Database Migration Service with converters. Velostrata is for VM migration, Transfer Appliance for bulk data, and Storage Transfer Service for cloud-to-cloud data.

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MCQhard

A startup is designing a real-time leaderboard for a multiplayer game. The leaderboard must update within seconds of a score change and handle millions of concurrent players. Strong consistency is not required, but availability is critical. Which database is most suitable?

A.Cloud Memorystore

B.Cloud Spanner

C.Cloud Firestore

D.Cloud Bigtable

AnswerD

Bigtable offers high throughput and low latency for simple key-value operations like leaderboards, and eventual consistency is acceptable.

Why this answer

Cloud Bigtable is optimized for high-throughput, low-latency reads and writes, and can serve as a leaderboard backend if row keys are designed properly. It offers eventual consistency, which is acceptable here. Cloud Spanner provides strong consistency but is more expensive and may have higher latency.

Firestore is good for real-time updates but may not handle millions of concurrent updates easily. Memorystore (Redis) can also do leaderboards but is not a database for persistent storage; it's a cache.

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