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Enterprise Firewall and VDOMshardMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

NSE7 Enterprise Firewall and VDOMs Practice Question

A FortiGate in an HA cluster with VDOMs enabled experiences a failover. After the failover, traffic that was passing before is now being dropped. The configuration is synchronized between the primary and secondary units. What is the most likely reason?

⚠ Common exam trap

Many candidates assume synchronized configuration includes session state, but FortiGate HA separates configuration sync from session sync, and session synchronization must be enabled as a separate setting under the HA configuration.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Session synchronization is not enabled between HA members

The most likely reason is that session synchronization is not enabled between HA members. When a failover occurs, the new primary FortiGate does not have the existing session table entries from the original primary, so it treats incoming packets as new connections and may drop them if they do not match a firewall policy's initial handshake state. Even though the configuration is synchronized, session information is not shared unless session synchronization is explicitly configured, causing traffic to be dropped after failover.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • The new primary has a different VDOM configuration

    Why it's wrong here

    VDOM config is synchronized; should be identical.

  • The firewall policies are not synchronized

    Why it's wrong here

    Policies are synchronized; the statement says config is synchronized.

  • Session synchronization is not enabled between HA members

    Why this is correct

    Without session sync, the new primary lacks session information for existing connections, causing drops until clients retransmit.

  • VDOM link interfaces are down on the new primary

    Why it's wrong here

    If VDOM links were part of HA, they would fail over; unlikely cause.

Visual reference

Client Server SYN (seq=100) SYN-ACK (seq=200, ack=101) ACK (ack=201) Connection established — data transfer begins

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JA

Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security

Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva

This NSE7 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Fortinet certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the NSE7 exam.