hardMultiple Choice
CV0-004 Practice Question: Uses a cloud-based infrastructure with multiple…
An organization uses a cloud-based infrastructure with multiple VPCs peered together. The security team notices that traffic between VPCs is not being inspected by the central firewall. What design change should be implemented to ensure all inter-VPC traffic passes through a centralized firewall?
⚠ Common exam trap
It's easy for candidates to confuse VPC peering (which allows direct, non-inspected traffic) with a transit VPC (which forces traffic through a central inspection point), or they mistakenly think network ACLs or VPC endpoints can provide centralized traffic inspection.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Set up a transit VPC with a firewall appliance and route traffic through it
A transit VPC architecture uses a centralized hub VPC containing a firewall appliance (e.g., a next-generation firewall) and routes all inter-VPC traffic through it via VPC peering or VPN connections. By configuring route tables in each spoke VPC to point the destination CIDR of other VPCs to the transit VPC's firewall, every packet between VPCs is forced through the firewall for inspection, ensuring compliance with security policies.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use VPC endpoints for all inter-VPC communication
Why it's wrong here
VPC endpoints provide private connectivity to specific Google or AWS services, keeping that traffic off the public internet; they do not route VPC-to-VPC traffic through a firewall. They tempt because they do secure service access, and would be correct for privately reaching object storage or APIs, not for inspecting peered traffic.
- ✗
Apply network ACLs to all subnets in each VPC
Why it's wrong here
Network ACLs filter subnet ingress and egress statelessly at the subnet boundary; they cannot redirect peered traffic through a central firewall appliance. They tempt because they do provide subnet-level filtering, and would be correct for simple allow/deny rules, but inspection requires routing inter-VPC traffic through a firewall endpoint or transit hub.
- ✓
Set up a transit VPC with a firewall appliance and route traffic through it
Why this is correct
VPC peering creates direct, non-transitive routes between VPCs, so traffic bypasses any central inspection point. A transit VPC acts as a hub: spokes peer only with it, and route tables direct inter-VPC traffic through the firewall appliance hosted there, restoring centralised inspection.
- ✗
Implement VPC peering between all VPCs and attach a firewall to each VPC
Why it's wrong here
Attaching a firewall to each VPC inspects only traffic entering or leaving that VPC's boundary, leaving direct peering paths uninspected. It tempts because per-VPC firewalls do enforce policy locally, and would be correct for perimeter control, but centralised inspection requires removing direct peering and routing traffic through a shared firewall VPC.
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This CV0-004 practice question is part of Courseiva's free CompTIA certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the CV0-004 exam.