CV0-004 Stateful firewall Practice Question
A cloud architect is designing network security for a VPC. The architect needs to implement both stateful and stateless firewalls. Which TWO of the following correctly describe these firewall types?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Security groups are stateful; they automatically allow return traffic for allowed inbound connections.
Security groups are stateful firewalls that automatically allow return traffic for allowed inbound connections. Network ACLs are stateless firewalls that support both allow and deny rules evaluated in priority order. Option C, while true, describes a property of security groups (allow rules only) but is not a direct description of the firewall type (stateful vs. stateless) as asked by the question. Therefore, only options B and D are correct.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Network ACLs are stateful; they track connection state and allow return traffic automatically.
Why it's wrong here
NACLs are stateless, not stateful.
- ✓
Security groups are stateful; they automatically allow return traffic for allowed inbound connections.
Why this is correct
Correct. Security groups are stateful and automatically allow return traffic for established connections.
- ✗
Security groups support allow rules only; deny rules are not supported.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. Although security groups support allow rules only, this does not directly describe the firewall type (stateful vs. stateless).
- ✓
Network ACLs support allow and deny rules, and rules are evaluated in order of priority.
Why this is correct
Correct. Network ACLs are stateless and evaluate allow and deny rules in priority order.
- ✗
Both security groups and network ACLs can be used to allow or deny traffic based on source IP and port.
Why it's wrong here
Security groups do not support explicit deny rules; they only allow.
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Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
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