Question 383 of 510

Governance, Risk and Compliance →hardMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

CAS-004 Governance, Risk and Compliance Practice Question

This CAS-004 practice question tests your understanding of governance, risk and compliance. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

A global e-commerce company processes payment card data and is required to comply with PCI DSS. During a quarterly vulnerability scan, the security team discovers that a web application firewall (WAF) rule is blocking legitimate traffic, causing transaction failures. The WAF is a critical compensating control for a known vulnerability in the application that cannot be patched for 90 days. The compliance officer is concerned about maintaining PCI DSS compliance while ensuring business continuity. The security team proposes temporarily disabling the WAF to restore service while they fine-tune the rules. Which of the following is the BEST action?

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

Clue: "best"
Why it matters: Signals that multiple options may be partially correct. Choose the option that most directly solves the exact problem described, not the one that sounds most complete.

Question 1hardmultiple choice

Read the full NAT/PAT explanation →

A
Segment the affected application from the rest of the network and remove the WAF from the data path.
Why wrong: Network segmentation alone may not satisfy PCI DSS requirements for a compensating control.
B
Disable the WAF immediately to restore service and document the decision as a risk acceptance.
Why wrong: Disabling the WAF removes the compensating control, likely violating PCI DSS.
C
Accept the risk of transaction failures and keep the WAF in place until the rules are fully tested.
Why wrong: Accepting transaction failures is not acceptable for business continuity.
D
Temporarily modify the WAF rule set to allow legitimate traffic while maintaining security, and schedule a permanent fix within 24 hours.
Fine-tuning rules restores service without compromising the compensating control.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Temporarily modify the WAF rule set to allow legitimate traffic while maintaining security, and schedule a permanent fix within 24 hours.

Option B is correct because fine-tuning the WAF rules quickly is the best approach to restore service while maintaining security. Option A is wrong because disabling the WAF would remove the compensating control and violate PCI DSS requirement 6.6. Option C is wrong because relying solely on network segmentation may not provide equivalent protection. Option D is wrong because accepting risk without a compensating control is not permitted under PCI DSS.

Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✗
Segment the affected application from the rest of the network and remove the WAF from the data path.
Why it's wrong here
Network segmentation alone may not satisfy PCI DSS requirements for a compensating control.
✗
Disable the WAF immediately to restore service and document the decision as a risk acceptance.
Why it's wrong here
Disabling the WAF removes the compensating control, likely violating PCI DSS.
✗
Accept the risk of transaction failures and keep the WAF in place until the rules are fully tested.
Why it's wrong here
Accepting transaction failures is not acceptable for business continuity.
✓
Temporarily modify the WAF rule set to allow legitimate traffic while maintaining security, and schedule a permanent fix within 24 hours.
Why this is correct
Fine-tuning rules restores service without compromising the compensating control.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "best" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic

NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.

KKey Concepts to Remember

Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.

TExam Day Tips

Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.

Key takeaway

NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related CAS-004 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this CAS-004 question test?

Governance, Risk and Compliance — This question tests Governance, Risk and Compliance — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Temporarily modify the WAF rule set to allow legitimate traffic while maintaining security, and schedule a permanent fix within 24 hours. — Option B is correct because fine-tuning the WAF rules quickly is the best approach to restore service while maintaining security. Option A is wrong because disabling the WAF would remove the compensating control and violate PCI DSS requirement 6.6. Option C is wrong because relying solely on network segmentation may not provide equivalent protection. Option D is wrong because accepting risk without a compensating control is not permitted under PCI DSS.

What should I do if I get this CAS-004 question wrong?

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "best". Signals that multiple options may be partially correct. Choose the option that most directly solves the exact problem described, not the one that sounds most complete.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.

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