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CAS-004 Practice Question: A company deploys a microservices architecture…

A company deploys a microservices architecture using container orchestration. The security team wants to enforce mutual TLS between services. Which technology should be used?

⚠ Common exam trap

Many candidates confuse an API gateway's ability to terminate TLS for external traffic with the need for mTLS between internal services, leading them to incorrectly select API gateway instead of service mesh.

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

Service mesh

A service mesh (e.g., Istio, Linkerd) is the correct technology because it provides a dedicated infrastructure layer for handling service-to-service communication, including automatic mutual TLS (mTLS) enforcement between microservices. It injects sidecar proxies that intercept all traffic and negotiate mTLS using X.509 certificates, ensuring both encryption and authentication without modifying application code.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • Service mesh

    Why this is correct

    A service mesh transparently injects sidecar proxies to handle mTLS encryption and authentication between services.

  • SSH tunneling

    Why it's wrong here

    SSH tunneling is not scalable for a microservices environment and requires manual configuration.

  • API gateway

    Why it's wrong here

    API gateways manage external API traffic, not internal service-to-service authentication.

  • VPN

    Why it's wrong here

    VPNs establish a network-layer tunnel, not per-service mTLS, and add latency.

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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026

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