- A
They are compatible with the OCI runtime specification
Both gVisor (runsc) and Kata Containers implement the OCI runtime spec.
- B
They improve container performance over native runc
Why wrong: Sandboxing typically adds overhead and may reduce performance.
- C
They can be used with RuntimeClass to select the sandbox runtime per pod
RuntimeClass allows selecting a runtime like gVisor or Kata for specific pods.
- D
They provide an additional layer of isolation between containers and the host kernel
Sandboxing solutions run containers in a lightweight VM or a user space kernel, isolating the container from the host.
- E
They use the host kernel directly for all system calls
Why wrong: Sandboxing intercepts or virtualizes syscalls to prevent direct access to the host kernel.
CKS Minimize Microservice Vulnerabilities Practice Question
This CKS practice question tests your understanding of minimize microservice vulnerabilities. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Which THREE of the following are features of container sandboxing solutions like gVisor or Kata Containers?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
They are compatible with the OCI runtime specification
Container sandboxing provides an additional isolation layer, supports OCI runtime, and adds a security layer. They do not use host kernel directly (that's typical containers). They do not necessarily improve performance; they often add overhead.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
They are compatible with the OCI runtime specification
Why this is correct
Both gVisor (runsc) and Kata Containers implement the OCI runtime spec.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- ✗
They improve container performance over native runc
Why it's wrong here
Sandboxing typically adds overhead and may reduce performance.
- ✓
They can be used with RuntimeClass to select the sandbox runtime per pod
Why this is correct
RuntimeClass allows selecting a runtime like gVisor or Kata for specific pods.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- ✓
They provide an additional layer of isolation between containers and the host kernel
- ✗
They use the host kernel directly for all system calls
Why it's wrong here
Sandboxing intercepts or virtualizes syscalls to prevent direct access to the host kernel.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
- Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
- NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
- Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
- Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
- Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related CKS NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this CKS question test?
Minimize Microservice Vulnerabilities — This question tests Minimize Microservice Vulnerabilities — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: They are compatible with the OCI runtime specification — Container sandboxing provides an additional isolation layer, supports OCI runtime, and adds a security layer. They do not use host kernel directly (that's typical containers). They do not necessarily improve performance; they often add overhead.
What should I do if I get this CKS question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related CKS NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
About these practice questions
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Last reviewed: Jun 21, 2026
This CKS practice question is part of Courseiva's free CNCF certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the CKS exam.
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