The answer is OSPF, EIGRP, RIP, and BGP, as all four of these routing protocols support VRF-aware configurations within VRF-Lite. This is because VRF-Lite creates separate virtual routing tables on a single router, and each routing protocol instance must be explicitly tied to a specific VRF using the 'vrf' keyword in its configuration to operate within that isolated domain. On the Cisco CCNP ENARSI 300-410 exam, this concept tests your understanding of how to segment routing processes without MPLS, often appearing in questions about multi-tenant environments or overlapping IP address spaces. A common trap is assuming that only BGP or EIGRP can be used per VRF, but the exam expects you to know that all major IGPs and BGP are supported. For a quick memory tip, remember the acronym "ROEB" — RIP, OSPF, EIGRP, BGP — to recall every protocol that can be configured per VRF in VRF-Lite.
300-410 VRF-Lite Practice Question
This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of vrf-lite. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
In VRF-Lite, which routing protocols can be used within a VRF?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
OSPF, EIGRP, RIP, and BGP can all be configured per VRF.
Most routing protocols (RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, BGP) support VRF-aware configurations. The protocol must be configured with the 'vrf' keyword to operate within a specific VRF.
Key principle: OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
Only static routing is supported in VRF-Lite.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. Dynamic routing protocols are supported.
✓
OSPF, EIGRP, RIP, and BGP can all be configured per VRF.
Why this is correct
This is correct. These protocols have VRF-aware capabilities.
Incorrect. BGP can be used per VRF with the 'address-family ipv4 vrf' command.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: OSPF can fail even when IP connectivity looks correct
OSPF neighbour formation depends on matching areas, timers, network type, authentication and passive-interface behaviour. Do not choose an answer only because the devices can ping.
Trap categories for this question
Command / output trap
Incorrect. BGP can be used per VRF with the 'address-family ipv4 vrf' command.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
OSPF questions usually test the details that control adjacency and route selection. Read the neighbour state, area, router ID and interface configuration before deciding what is wrong.
KKey Concepts to Remember
OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
Router ID selection can affect neighbour relationships and LSDB output.
OSPF cost influences the preferred path.
A route can appear in OSPF information but not become the installed route.
TExam Day Tips
→Check area mismatch first when OSPF adjacency fails.
→Review passive interfaces when a network is advertised but no neighbour forms.
→Use show ip ospf neighbor and show ip route clues carefully.
Key takeaway
OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A network engineer at a university connects two campus buildings via a fibre link. Both routers run OSPF, but no adjacency forms — even though both routers can ping each other. The engineer finds one router is in area 0 and the other in area 1. OSPF adjacency requires matching area numbers, hello/dead timers, and network type. IP reachability alone is not enough.
Related glossary terms
Concepts from this question explained
These glossary pages explain the core terms tested in this 300-410 question in full detail.
Review OSPF neighbour requirements — matching area type, hello and dead timers, network type, stub flags, and authentication. Study show ip ospf neighbor states (INIT, 2-WAY, FULL). Then practise related 300-410 OSPF questions on adjacency and route selection.
VRF-Lite — This question tests VRF-Lite — OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: OSPF, EIGRP, RIP, and BGP can all be configured per VRF. — Most routing protocols (RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, BGP) support VRF-aware configurations. The protocol must be configured with the 'vrf' keyword to operate within a specific VRF.
What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?
Review OSPF neighbour requirements — matching area type, hello and dead timers, network type, stub flags, and authentication. Study show ip ospf neighbor states (INIT, 2-WAY, FULL). Then practise related 300-410 OSPF questions on adjacency and route selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
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Question Discussion
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