- A
The route-map SET-NEXT-HOP incorrectly sets the next-hop to the hub, preventing NHRP from establishing direct spoke-to-spoke tunnels.
By setting the next-hop to the hub, R2 sees R1 as the next-hop for 192.168.1.0, so it does not attempt to build a direct tunnel to R3. NHRP requires the next-hop to be the remote spoke's tunnel IP.
- B
The prefix-list SPOKE-NET does not include the network 192.168.1.0.
Why wrong: The route is present in the routing table, so the prefix-list must be matching it.
- C
The NHRP authentication is mismatched between R2 and R3.
Why wrong: NHRP authentication mismatch would prevent registration, but the DMVPN show output would indicate a failure, not just lack of tunnels.
- D
The tunnel interface on R2 is not configured with ip nhrp redirect.
Why wrong: In Phase 2, ip nhrp redirect is used on the hub to signal spokes to build direct tunnels, but the root cause here is the next-hop manipulation.
300-410 Route Maps and Route Filtering Practice Question
This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of route maps and route filtering. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A network engineer is troubleshooting suboptimal routing in a DMVPN Phase 2 deployment. Hub router R1 has the following configuration: route-map SET-NEXT-HOP permit 10 match ip address prefix-list SPOKE-NET set ip next-hop 10.0.0.1. Spoke R2 shows: 'show ip route 192.168.1.0' points to the hub (R1) instead of directly to another spoke (R3). R2's NHRP shows 'show dmvpn' with no spoke-to-spoke tunnels established. What is the root cause?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
The route-map SET-NEXT-HOP incorrectly sets the next-hop to the hub, preventing NHRP from establishing direct spoke-to-spoke tunnels.
In DMVPN Phase 2, spoke-to-spoke tunnels require that the next-hop in the routing table not be changed to the hub. The route-map SET-NEXT-HOP on R1 is setting the next-hop to the hub's tunnel IP (10.0.0.1) for routes matching SPOKE-NET. This causes spokes to see the hub as the next-hop for other spoke networks, preventing NHRP from triggering a spoke-to-spoke tunnel. The correct behavior is to not set the next-hop (or set it to itself) so that spokes use the original next-hop (the other spoke's tunnel IP) and NHRP can resolve it.
Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
The route-map SET-NEXT-HOP incorrectly sets the next-hop to the hub, preventing NHRP from establishing direct spoke-to-spoke tunnels.
Why this is correct
By setting the next-hop to the hub, R2 sees R1 as the next-hop for 192.168.1.0, so it does not attempt to build a direct tunnel to R3. NHRP requires the next-hop to be the remote spoke's tunnel IP.
Related concept
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
- ✗
The prefix-list SPOKE-NET does not include the network 192.168.1.0.
Why it's wrong here
The route is present in the routing table, so the prefix-list must be matching it.
- ✗
The NHRP authentication is mismatched between R2 and R3.
Why it's wrong here
NHRP authentication mismatch would prevent registration, but the DMVPN show output would indicate a failure, not just lack of tunnels.
- ✗
The tunnel interface on R2 is not configured with ip nhrp redirect.
Why it's wrong here
In Phase 2, ip nhrp redirect is used on the hub to signal spokes to build direct tunnels, but the root cause here is the next-hop manipulation.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match
ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.
Trap categories for this question
Command / output trap
NHRP authentication mismatch would prevent registration, but the DMVPN show output would indicate a failure, not just lack of tunnels.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Standard ACLs match source addresses.
- Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
- The first matching ACL entry is used.
- There is usually an implicit deny at the end.
TExam Day Tips
- Check inbound versus outbound direction.
- Read the ACL from top to bottom.
- Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.
Key takeaway
ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A security administrator must allow nursing staff to reach a patient records server while blocking access from the guest Wi-Fi VLAN. After applying an extended ACL, traffic is still blocked from nursing workstations. The ACL was applied outbound instead of inbound on the wrong interface. Questions like this test ACL direction and placement rules.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related 300-410 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this 300-410 question test?
Route Maps and Route Filtering — This question tests Route Maps and Route Filtering — Standard ACLs match source addresses..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The route-map SET-NEXT-HOP incorrectly sets the next-hop to the hub, preventing NHRP from establishing direct spoke-to-spoke tunnels. — In DMVPN Phase 2, spoke-to-spoke tunnels require that the next-hop in the routing table not be changed to the hub. The route-map SET-NEXT-HOP on R1 is setting the next-hop to the hub's tunnel IP (10.0.0.1) for routes matching SPOKE-NET. This causes spokes to see the hub as the next-hop for other spoke networks, preventing NHRP from triggering a spoke-to-spoke tunnel. The correct behavior is to not set the next-hop (or set it to itself) so that spokes use the original next-hop (the other spoke's tunnel IP) and NHRP can resolve it.
What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?
Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related 300-410 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
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Last reviewed: Jun 18, 2026
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