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300-410 Practice Question: Runs the following command on Router R1: R1# show…

A network engineer runs the following command on Router R1:

R1# show ip policy
Interface     Route-map

GigabitEthernet0/0 PBR-TEST

R1# show route-map PBR-TEST

route-map PBR-TEST, permit, sequence 10 Match clauses:

ip address (access-lists): 110

Set clauses:

ip next-hop 192.168.100.1

Policy routing matches: 0 packets, 0 bytes

R1# show access-lists 110

Extended IP access list 110

10 permit tcp 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any eq 80
    
20 permit tcp 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255 any eq 443

R1# show ip route 192.168.100.1

Routing entry for 192.168.100.1/32 Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 20 Last update from 10.1.1.2 on GigabitEthernet0/1

Based on this output, what is the most likely reason for zero policy routing matches?

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

The access list 110 is not matching any traffic arriving on GigabitEthernet0/0.

The access list 110 matches TCP traffic from 10.0.0.0/8 to any destination on ports 80 and 443. The route map is applied to GigabitEthernet0/0, but traffic arriving on that interface may not match these conditions. The next-hop is reachable, so the issue is likely that no traffic matching ACL 110 is entering GigabitEthernet0/0.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

  • ✗

    The next-hop 192.168.100.1 is not reachable.

    Why it's wrong here

    The show ip route output shows it is reachable via OSPF.

  • ✓

    The access list 110 is not matching any traffic arriving on GigabitEthernet0/0.

    Why this is correct

    Zero matches indicate that no packets matching the ACL have been received on the interface where PBR is applied.

  • ✗

    The route map sequence number is too high.

    Why it's wrong here

    Sequence numbers do not affect matching; they just determine order.

  • ✗

    The route map needs to be applied globally.

    Why it's wrong here

    PBR is applied per interface; global application is not standard.

Visual reference

R1 R2 R3 R4 10 100 10 100 OSPF picks R1→R2→R4 (cost 20) over R1→R3→R4 (cost 200)

Quick reference

Routing Protocol Comparison

ProtocolMetricMax HopsAlgorithmType
RIP v2Hop count15Bellman-FordDistance vector
OSPFCost (bandwidth)UnlimitedDijkstra (SPF)Link state
EIGRPComposite metricUnlimitedDUALHybrid
IS-ISCostUnlimitedDijkstraLink state
BGPPolicy / attributesUnlimitedPath vectorPath vector

RIP's 15-hop limit makes it unsuitable for large networks. OSPF and EIGRP dominate modern enterprise deployments.

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Same concept, more angles

3 more ways this is tested on 300-410

These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.

Variation 1. A network engineer is troubleshooting PBR on a Cisco router where traffic from subnet 10.1.1.0/24 should be forwarded to next-hop 192.168.1.2. The route map 'PBR-10' is configured with 'match ip address 150' and 'set ip next-hop 192.168.1.2'. The engineer applies the route map to interface GigabitEthernet0/0. The engineer notices that PBR is not working, and the router is using the routing table to forward traffic. The engineer checks the ACL 150 and confirms it matches 10.1.1.0/24. The engineer also checks the interface configuration and sees 'ip policy route-map PBR-10' applied. What is the most likely cause?

medium
  • ✓ A.The ACL 150 does not exist or is misconfigured, causing the route map to not match any traffic.
  • B.The 'set ip next-hop' command is misspelled as 'set ip nexthop'.
  • C.The router is running an older IOS version that does not support PBR.
  • D.The 'ip policy route-map' command is applied to the outgoing interface instead of the incoming interface.

Why A: If PBR is not working and the router uses the routing table, it could be because the route map is not being processed due to a missing 'match' statement or the route map being empty. However, a common cause is that the route map has a 'match ip address' that references an ACL that does not exist or is misconfigured. The engineer should verify that the ACL 150 exists and is correctly configured.

Variation 2. A network engineer runs the following command on Router R1: R1# show ip policy Interface Route-map GigabitEthernet0/0 PBR-DEFAULT R1# show route-map PBR-DEFAULT route-map PBR-DEFAULT, permit, sequence 10 Match clauses: ip address (access-lists): 150 Set clauses: ip next-hop 10.0.0.2 Policy routing matches: 0 packets, 0 bytes route-map PBR-DEFAULT, deny, sequence 20 Match clauses: Set clauses: Policy routing matches: 0 packets, 0 bytes R1# show access-lists 150 Extended IP access list 150 10 permit ip 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 any R1# show ip route 10.0.0.2 Routing entry for 10.0.0.2/32 Known via "ospf 1", distance 110, metric 20 Last update from 10.1.1.2 on GigabitEthernet0/1 Based on this output, what is the most likely problem?

medium
  • A.The deny sequence 20 is blocking all traffic from being policy-routed.
  • ✓ B.No traffic matching ACL 150 is arriving on GigabitEthernet0/0.
  • C.The next-hop 10.0.0.2 is unreachable.
  • D.The route map is missing a permit statement.

Why B: The route map has a deny sequence 20 with no match clause, which means it matches all packets. Since route maps are processed in order, if sequence 10 does not match (zero matches), sequence 20 will match all remaining packets and deny them (i.e., not apply PBR), causing them to be routed normally. However, the counters show zero for both sequences, indicating no traffic is being processed at all, likely because no traffic matching ACL 150 arrives on the interface.

Variation 3. A network engineer runs the following command on Router R1: R1# show route-map route-map PBR-ROUTE, permit, sequence 10 Match clauses: ip address (access-lists): ACL-PBR Set clauses: ip next-hop 192.168.1.2 Policy routing matches: 0 packets, 0 bytes route-map PBR-ROUTE, permit, sequence 20 Match clauses: Set clauses: ip next-hop 192.168.2.2 Policy routing matches: 0 packets, 0 bytes R1# show ip policy Interface Route-map GigabitEthernet0/0 PBR-ROUTE Based on this output, what is the most likely problem?

medium
  • A.The route map is not applied to an interface.
  • ✓ B.The access list ACL-PBR does not exist or matches no traffic.
  • C.The next-hop 192.168.1.2 is unreachable.
  • D.The route map is missing a permit statement.

Why B: The show route-map output shows zero policy routing matches. The route map is applied to the interface, but the access list ACL-PBR may not match any traffic, or traffic is not arriving on GigabitEthernet0/0. The set clause in sequence 20 is applied unconditionally (no match clause), which would normally match all traffic, but sequence 10 must be evaluated first; if ACL-PBR matches nothing, sequence 20 would match all, yet counters still show zero, indicating no traffic is being policy-routed at all.

JA

Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security

Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva

This 300-410 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Cisco certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the 300-410 exam.