easyMultiple Choice
300-410 Practice Question: Runs the following command on Router R1: R1# show…
A network engineer runs the following command on Router R1:
R1# show ip route ospf
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP a - application route + - replicated route, % - next hop override
Gateway of last resort is not set
O 10.2.2.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.12.2, 00:12:34, GigabitEthernet0/0
O IA 10.3.3.0/24 [110/30] via 192.168.13.3, 00:10:21, GigabitEthernet0/1
Based on this output, what can be determined?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Both routes have the same administrative distance.
Both routes are OSPF routes and have an OSPF administrative distance of 110, as shown in the brackets. Option D is correct. Option A is incorrect because 10.2.2.0/24 is an intra-area route (O), not external. Option C is incorrect because the output shows 'Gateway of last resort is not set', so no default route is configured.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
The route to 10.2.2.0/24 is an external OSPF route.
Why it's wrong here
The route to 10.2.2.0/24 is marked with 'O', which indicates an intra-area OSPF route, not an external route. External routes are labeled E1 or E2.
- ✗
The route to 10.3.3.0/24 is learned from a different area.
Why it's wrong here
The route to 10.3.3.0/24 is marked with 'O IA', which indicates it is an inter-area OSPF route, learned from a different area than the router's own.
- ✗
Router R1 has a default route configured.
Why it's wrong here
The output shows no gateway of last resort and no O*E2 or O*IA default route entry, so R1 lacks any default route. This option is tempting because the "O" and "O IA" prefixes might be misread as a default summary, but they are specific networks (10.2.2.0/24 and 10.3.3.0/24), not 0.0.0.0/0. A default route would appear as an O* entry with a /0 mask, which is absent here.
- ✓
Both routes have the same administrative distance.
Why this is correct
Both routes show administrative distance 110 (the number in brackets before the cost), indicating they are learned via OSPF which uses AD 110.
Visual reference
Quick reference
Routing Protocol Comparison
| Protocol | Metric | Max Hops | Algorithm | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RIP v2 | Hop count | 15 | Bellman-Ford | Distance vector |
| OSPF | Cost (bandwidth) | Unlimited | Dijkstra (SPF) | Link state |
| EIGRP | Composite metric | Unlimited | DUAL | Hybrid |
| IS-IS | Cost | Unlimited | Dijkstra | Link state |
| BGP | Policy / attributes | Unlimited | Path vector | Path vector |
RIP's 15-hop limit makes it unsuitable for large networks. OSPF and EIGRP dominate modern enterprise deployments.
Go deeper
Related to this question
Learn chapter
BGP Route Selection and Policy
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Key term
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OSPF special area types are configurations within an OSPF network that limit the type of routing information shared across an area to reduce routing table size and processing overhead.
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Variation 1. A network engineer runs the following command to troubleshoot OSPF route installation: R1# show ip route ospf Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, H - NHRP, l - LISP a - application route + - replicated route, % - next hop override Gateway of last resort is not set O 10.1.1.0/24 [110/10] via 10.1.1.2, 00:12:34, GigabitEthernet0/0 O IA 192.168.1.0/24 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:10:00, GigabitEthernet0/0 O E2 5.5.5.5/32 [110/20] via 10.1.1.2, 00:05:00, GigabitEthernet0/0 What does this output indicate?
medium- ✓ A.All OSPF routes are learned from the same next-hop 10.1.1.2.
- B.The route to 5.5.5.5/32 is an intra-area route.
- C.The route to 192.168.1.0/24 is a directly connected network.
- D.The router has a default route installed.
Why A: The output shows OSPF routes in the routing table, including intra-area, inter-area, and external routes.
JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
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