Question 168 of 2,152

NAT and PAT →hardMultiple SelectObjective-mapped

300-410 NAT and PAT Practice Question

This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of nat and pat. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

An engineer must configure NAT so that inside hosts (192.168.1.0/24) are translated to a public IP pool (203.0.113.1-203.0.113.10) when accessing the Internet, but must NOT translate traffic destined to a VPN subnet (10.10.10.0/24) reachable via the same outside interface. Which TWO configuration steps are required? (Choose TWO.)

Clue words in this question

Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.

Clue: "NOT"
Why it matters: Negative qualifier — you are looking for the one option that does NOT apply. Most options will be true; only one is false for this scenario.

Question 1hardmulti select

Read the full VPN explanation →

A
Create an ACL that denies 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 and permits any, then reference it in a route map with 'match ip address'.
Correct. The ACL denies the VPN subnet, so the route map will not match traffic to that destination, thus exempting it from NAT.
B
Apply 'ip nat inside source list 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/0 overload' where ACL 1 permits 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255.
Why wrong: Incorrect. This would translate all traffic from 192.168.1.0/24, including traffic to the VPN subnet, which is not desired.
C
Use 'ip nat inside source route-map RMAP pool POOL' where the route map matches the ACL from step A.
Correct. The route map uses the ACL to selectively translate only traffic not denied (i.e., not destined to VPN).
D
Configure 'ip nat inside source static 192.168.1.1 203.0.113.1' for each host to ensure translation.
Why wrong: Incorrect. Static NAT would require individual entries and would still translate traffic to the VPN subnet unless additional filtering is applied.
E
Apply 'ip access-group 100 in' on the inside interface to block traffic to the VPN subnet.
Why wrong: Incorrect. Blocking traffic is not the goal; the goal is to allow traffic but not translate it.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Create an ACL that denies 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 and permits any, then reference it in a route map with 'match ip address'.

To exempt certain destinations from NAT, a route map with 'match ip address' for the ACL that denies the VPN subnet is used. The ACL must deny the VPN subnet and permit all other traffic. The 'ip nat inside source route-map' command then applies this route map to the NAT translation. Using a second ACL on the inside interface or a static NAT would not achieve the desired selective exemption.

Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✓
Create an ACL that denies 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 and permits any, then reference it in a route map with 'match ip address'.
Why this is correct
Correct. The ACL denies the VPN subnet, so the route map will not match traffic to that destination, thus exempting it from NAT.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "NOT" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
✗
Apply 'ip nat inside source list 1 interface GigabitEthernet0/0 overload' where ACL 1 permits 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. This would translate all traffic from 192.168.1.0/24, including traffic to the VPN subnet, which is not desired.
✓
Use 'ip nat inside source route-map RMAP pool POOL' where the route map matches the ACL from step A.
Why this is correct
Correct. The route map uses the ACL to selectively translate only traffic not denied (i.e., not destined to VPN).
Clue confirmation
The clue word "NOT" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
✗
Configure 'ip nat inside source static 192.168.1.1 203.0.113.1' for each host to ensure translation.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. Static NAT would require individual entries and would still translate traffic to the VPN subnet unless additional filtering is applied.
✗
Apply 'ip access-group 100 in' on the inside interface to block traffic to the VPN subnet.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. Blocking traffic is not the goal; the goal is to allow traffic but not translate it.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses

Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.

KKey Concepts to Remember

CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.

TExam Day Tips

Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.

Key takeaway

Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related 300-410 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this 300-410 question test?

NAT and PAT — This question tests NAT and PAT — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Create an ACL that denies 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 and permits any, then reference it in a route map with 'match ip address'. — To exempt certain destinations from NAT, a route map with 'match ip address' for the ACL that denies the VPN subnet is used. The ACL must deny the VPN subnet and permit all other traffic. The 'ip nat inside source route-map' command then applies this route map to the NAT translation. Using a second ACL on the inside interface or a static NAT would not achieve the desired selective exemption.

What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?

Are there clue words in this question I should notice?

Yes — watch for: "NOT". Negative qualifier — you are looking for the one option that does NOT apply. Most options will be true; only one is false for this scenario.

What is the key concept behind this question?

CIDR notation defines the prefix length.

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Last reviewed: Jun 19, 2026

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