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300-410 Practice Question: Which TWO statements about MPLS label imposition,…
Which TWO statements about MPLS label imposition, disposition, and swapping are true? (Choose TWO.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP) reduces the processing load on the egress LSR by having the penultimate LSR pop the label.
In MPLS forwarding, label imposition (push) occurs at the ingress LSR, disposition (pop) at the egress LSR, and swapping (swap) at intermediate LSRs. The PHP (Penultimate Hop Popping) feature causes the penultimate LSR to pop the label before the egress LSR receives the packet, so the egress LSR sees only the IP packet. Option A is correct: PHP reduces the load on the egress LSR. Option B is correct: an intermediate LSR typically swaps the top label. Option C is false: the egress LSR does not impose a label; it removes it. Option D is false: PHP is the default behavior for directly connected egress LSRs. Option E is false: PHP is not disabled by default; it is enabled.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP) reduces the processing load on the egress LSR by having the penultimate LSR pop the label.
Why this is correct
Correct. PHP offloads the label removal to the penultimate LSR, reducing egress LSR work.
- ✓
An intermediate LSR performs a label swap operation: it replaces the incoming label with an outgoing label.
Why this is correct
Correct. In the MPLS data plane, intermediate LSRs swap the top label based on the LFIB.
- ✗
The egress LSR performs label imposition (push) before forwarding the IP packet to the destination.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. The egress LSR performs label disposition (pop), not imposition. Imposition occurs at the ingress.
- ✗
PHP is enabled only when the egress LSR is not directly connected to the penultimate LSR.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. PHP is typically used when the egress LSR is directly connected; it is the default behavior.
- ✗
By default, PHP is disabled on Cisco IOS routers and must be explicitly configured.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. PHP is enabled by default for directly connected egress LSRs; no explicit configuration is needed.
Go deeper
Related to this question
Learn chapter
Advanced EIGRP Features (Stub, Load Balancing, Named Mode)
Key term
LDP Protocol
LDP, or Label Distribution Protocol, is a protocol that routers use to automatically exchange labels that enable MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) to create fast, efficient paths for data packets across a network.
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This 300-410 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Cisco certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the 300-410 exam.