- A
Spoke routers can dynamically establish direct tunnels with each other.
This is a key feature of Phase 2: spokes can build direct tunnels using NHRP redirect/shortcut.
- B
The hub router must be configured with the 'ip nhrp redirect' command.
The hub sends NHRP redirect messages to spokes to inform them of the NBMA address of the destination spoke.
- C
The hub router must use a point-to-point GRE tunnel interface.
Why wrong: In Phase 2, the hub typically uses a multipoint GRE (mGRE) tunnel interface, not point-to-point.
- D
All spoke-to-spoke traffic must traverse the hub router.
Why wrong: After a direct tunnel is built, spoke-to-spoke traffic bypasses the hub.
- E
NHRP is not required for Phase 2 operation.
Why wrong: NHRP is essential for Phase 2 to resolve NBMA addresses and build direct tunnels.
Quick Answer
The correct answer is that the hub router must be configured with the 'ip nhrp redirect' command, and spoke-to-spoke tunnels are built dynamically using NHRP redirect and shortcut routes. In DMVPN Phase 2 operation, when a spoke sends traffic to another spoke’s destination behind its tunnel, the hub intercepts the packet and sends an NHRP Redirect message back to the source spoke, revealing the target spoke’s NBMA address. The source spoke then uses its 'ip nhrp shortcut' configuration to initiate a direct spoke-to-spoke tunnel, bypassing the hub for subsequent data flows. On the Cisco CCNP ENARSI 300-410 exam, this concept tests your understanding of how Phase 2 differs from Phase 1 and Phase 3, with a common trap being the belief that spoke-to-spoke traffic always transits the hub after the shortcut is established. A useful memory tip is to think of the hub as a “matchmaker” that introduces spokes via redirect, but does not stay in the conversation.
300-410 DMVPN Practice Question
This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of dmvpn. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
Which TWO statements about the operation of DMVPN Phase 2 are true? (Choose TWO.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Spoke routers can dynamically establish direct tunnels with each other.
In DMVPN Phase 2, spoke-to-spoke tunnels are built dynamically using NHRP redirect and shortcut routes. The spoke router learns the NBMA address of another spoke via an NHRP redirect from the hub, and then initiates a direct tunnel. Phase 2 uses the 'ip nhrp redirect' command on the hub and 'ip nhrp shortcut' on spokes. The other statements are incorrect: Phase 2 does not require a multipoint GRE tunnel on the hub (it can be point-to-multipoint), and spoke-to-spoke traffic does not always go through the hub after the shortcut is established.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Spoke routers can dynamically establish direct tunnels with each other.
Why this is correct
This is a key feature of Phase 2: spokes can build direct tunnels using NHRP redirect/shortcut.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✓
The hub router must be configured with the 'ip nhrp redirect' command.
Why this is correct
The hub sends NHRP redirect messages to spokes to inform them of the NBMA address of the destination spoke.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
The hub router must use a point-to-point GRE tunnel interface.
Why it's wrong here
In Phase 2, the hub typically uses a multipoint GRE (mGRE) tunnel interface, not point-to-point.
- ✗
All spoke-to-spoke traffic must traverse the hub router.
Why it's wrong here
After a direct tunnel is built, spoke-to-spoke traffic bypasses the hub.
- ✗
NHRP is not required for Phase 2 operation.
Why it's wrong here
NHRP is essential for Phase 2 to resolve NBMA addresses and build direct tunnels.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
- Use explanations to understand the rule behind the answer.
TExam Day Tips
- Underline the problem statement mentally.
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A practitioner preparing for the 300-410 exam encounters this exact type of scenario on the job. The correct answer here is not the most general option — it is the best answer for the specific constraint described. Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option. Real exam questions reward reading the full scenario before eliminating options, because the constraint defines which answer fits.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which 300-410 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this 300-410 question test?
DMVPN — This question tests DMVPN — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Spoke routers can dynamically establish direct tunnels with each other. — In DMVPN Phase 2, spoke-to-spoke tunnels are built dynamically using NHRP redirect and shortcut routes. The spoke router learns the NBMA address of another spoke via an NHRP redirect from the hub, and then initiates a direct tunnel. Phase 2 uses the 'ip nhrp redirect' command on the hub and 'ip nhrp shortcut' on spokes. The other statements are incorrect: Phase 2 does not require a multipoint GRE tunnel on the hub (it can be point-to-multipoint), and spoke-to-spoke traffic does not always go through the hub after the shortcut is established.
What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?
Identify which 300-410 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
Courseiva creates original exam-style practice questions with explanations and wrong-answer analysis. It does not publish real exam questions, exam dumps, or protected exam content. Learn why practice questions differ from exam dumps →
Same concept, more angles
1 more ways this is tested on 300-410
These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.
Variation 1. In DMVPN Phase 2, what is the default behavior of the 'ip nhrp redirect' command on the hub router?
hard- A.It is enabled by default and causes the hub to send redirect messages to spokes.
- B.It is disabled by default and must be configured for spoke-to-spoke direct communication.
- ✓ C.It is disabled by default and is used in Phase 3 to enable NHRP redirects.
- D.It is enabled by default and is used to disable NHRP shortcut switching.
Why C: In DMVPN Phase 2, the 'ip nhrp redirect' command is not enabled by default on the hub. It is used in Phase 3 to enable NHRP redirects, which allow the hub to inform spokes that a better path exists directly to another spoke. In Phase 2, spoke-to-spoke tunnels are established based on NHRP resolution triggered by traffic, not by redirect messages.
Last reviewed: Jun 18, 2026
This 300-410 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Cisco certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the 300-410 exam.
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