- A
The neighbor 192.168.1.2 is not reachable.
Why wrong: Active state indicates TCP connection attempts are failing, which could be due to unreachability, but this is not the only possibility.
- B
The neighbor 192.168.1.2 is in Idle state due to a misconfigured AS number.
Why wrong: Active state means the router is actively trying to connect, not Idle.
- C
The BGP session to 192.168.1.2 has never been established and is in Active state, likely due to a lack of TCP connectivity.
Active state with 'never' uptime indicates the session has never come up, and R1 is actively trying to initiate the TCP connection.
- D
The BGP session to 192.168.1.2 is established but not exchanging prefixes.
Why wrong: The state is Active, not Established, so no prefixes are exchanged.
Quick Answer
The answer is that the BGP session to 192.168.1.2 has never been established and is stuck in the Active state due to a failure in TCP connectivity. This is correct because the show bgp summary output reveals the neighbor is in Active state with an Up/Down time of "never," meaning Router R1 has sent TCP SYN packets but received no response, preventing the BGP session from progressing past the TCP three-way handshake. On the Cisco CCNP ENARSI 300-410 exam, this scenario tests your ability to differentiate between BGP neighbor states—Active specifically indicates a TCP connection issue, unlike Idle which may point to a configuration error or administrative shutdown. A common trap is confusing Active with Idle; remember that Active means the router is actively trying to connect but failing, often due to unreachable IPs, ACLs blocking port 179, or incorrect neighbor AS numbers. Memory tip: "Active means the TCP handshake is stuck—check the path, not the config."
300-410 BGP Troubleshooting Practice Question
This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of bgp troubleshooting. Examine the command output carefully: the correct answer depends on what the output actually shows, not on general recall alone. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A network engineer runs the following command on Router R1:
R1# show bgp summary
BGP router identifier 10.1.1.1, local AS number 65001 BGP table version is 15, main routing table version 15 2 network entries using 288 bytes of memory 2 path entries using 160 bytes of memory 2/1 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 288 bytes of memory 0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory 0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory BGP using 736 total bytes of memory BGP activity 4/2 prefixes, 4/2 paths, scan interval 60 secs
Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd 10.1.12.2 4 65002 1023 1047 15 0 0 00:12:34 0 192.168.1.2 4 65003 0 0 0 0 0 never Active
Based on this output, what is the problem with the BGP session to 192.168.1.2?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue:
"never"Why it matters: Absolute qualifier. True only if the statement has zero exceptions — be cautious of options that seem obvious but break down in edge cases.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
The BGP session to 192.168.1.2 has never been established and is in Active state, likely due to a lack of TCP connectivity.
The neighbor 192.168.1.2 is in Active state, meaning R1 is trying to establish a TCP connection but is not receiving a response. This could be due to reachability issues, incorrect AS number, or ACL blocking. The session has never been up (Up/Down: never).
Key principle: OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
The neighbor 192.168.1.2 is not reachable.
Why it's wrong here
Active state indicates TCP connection attempts are failing, which could be due to unreachability, but this is not the only possibility.
- ✗
The neighbor 192.168.1.2 is in Idle state due to a misconfigured AS number.
Why it's wrong here
Active state means the router is actively trying to connect, not Idle.
- ✓
The BGP session to 192.168.1.2 has never been established and is in Active state, likely due to a lack of TCP connectivity.
- ✗
The BGP session to 192.168.1.2 is established but not exchanging prefixes.
Why it's wrong here
The state is Active, not Established, so no prefixes are exchanged.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: OSPF can fail even when IP connectivity looks correct
OSPF neighbour formation depends on matching areas, timers, network type, authentication and passive-interface behaviour. Do not choose an answer only because the devices can ping.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
OSPF questions usually test the details that control adjacency and route selection. Read the neighbour state, area, router ID and interface configuration before deciding what is wrong.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
- Router ID selection can affect neighbour relationships and LSDB output.
- OSPF cost influences the preferred path.
- A route can appear in OSPF information but not become the installed route.
TExam Day Tips
- Check area mismatch first when OSPF adjacency fails.
- Review passive interfaces when a network is advertised but no neighbour forms.
- Use show ip ospf neighbor and show ip route clues carefully.
Key takeaway
OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A network engineer at a university connects two campus buildings via a fibre link. Both routers run OSPF, but no adjacency forms — even though both routers can ping each other. The engineer finds one router is in area 0 and the other in area 1. OSPF adjacency requires matching area numbers, hello/dead timers, and network type. IP reachability alone is not enough.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review OSPF neighbour requirements — matching area type, hello and dead timers, network type, stub flags, and authentication. Study show ip ospf neighbor states (INIT, 2-WAY, FULL). Then practise related 300-410 OSPF questions on adjacency and route selection.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this 300-410 question test?
BGP Troubleshooting — This question tests BGP Troubleshooting — OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The BGP session to 192.168.1.2 has never been established and is in Active state, likely due to a lack of TCP connectivity. — The neighbor 192.168.1.2 is in Active state, meaning R1 is trying to establish a TCP connection but is not receiving a response. This could be due to reachability issues, incorrect AS number, or ACL blocking. The session has never been up (Up/Down: never).
What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?
Review OSPF neighbour requirements — matching area type, hello and dead timers, network type, stub flags, and authentication. Study show ip ospf neighbor states (INIT, 2-WAY, FULL). Then practise related 300-410 OSPF questions on adjacency and route selection.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "never". Absolute qualifier. True only if the statement has zero exceptions — be cautious of options that seem obvious but break down in edge cases.
What is the key concept behind this question?
OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
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Last reviewed: Jun 18, 2026
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