Question 1,542 of 2,152

BGP Troubleshooting →hardMultiple SelectObjective-mapped

Quick Answer

The answer is that a route reflector reflects routes received from a client to all clients and non-clients. This is correct because BGP route reflectors are designed to reduce the IBGP full mesh requirement by allowing a single router to re-advertise learned routes without causing loops, using specific BGP route reflector rules. When a route is received from a client, the RR reflects it to both other clients and non-clients, but when received from a non-client, it is reflected only to clients—never back to other non-clients. On the Cisco CCNP ENARSI 300-410 exam, this concept tests your understanding of loop prevention mechanisms like the cluster-list attribute, which the RR adds to detect and suppress repeated reflections. A common trap is confusing client-to-client reflection with non-client behavior, so remember: clients get everything, non-clients only get client routes. Memory tip: "Clients are the life of the party—they share with everyone; non-clients only talk to the host."

300-410 BGP Troubleshooting Practice Question

This 300-410 practice question tests your understanding of bgp troubleshooting. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Which TWO statements about BGP route reflectors are true? (Choose TWO.)

Question 1hardmulti select

Open the full BGP breakdown →

A
A route reflector modifies the NEXT_HOP attribute to its own address when reflecting routes.
Why wrong: Incorrect. Route reflectors do not change the NEXT_HOP attribute unless explicitly configured with 'next-hop-self'.
B
A route reflector adds its own cluster ID to the cluster-list attribute when reflecting a route.
Correct. The RR adds its cluster ID to the cluster-list to prevent loops in hierarchical RR deployments.
C
A route reflector reflects routes received from a non-client to all other non-clients.
Why wrong: Incorrect. An RR reflects routes from a non-client only to clients, not to other non-clients.
D
A route reflector reflects routes received from a client to all clients and non-clients.
Correct. Routes from a client are reflected to all other clients and non-clients.
E
A route reflector always sets the originator-id attribute to the router ID of the route reflector.
Why wrong: Incorrect. The originator-id is set to the router ID of the originator of the route, not the RR.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

A route reflector adds its own cluster ID to the cluster-list attribute when reflecting a route.

Route reflectors (RRs) are used to reduce IBGP full mesh. They reflect routes from clients and non-clients, but with specific rules to prevent loops. An RR does not modify the AS_PATH or NEXT_HOP by default. The 'cluster-list' attribute is used to detect loops. When an RR receives a route from a non-client, it reflects it only to clients, not to other non-clients. The 'originator-id' attribute is set by the RR to the router ID of the originator.

Key principle: OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✗
A route reflector modifies the NEXT_HOP attribute to its own address when reflecting routes.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. Route reflectors do not change the NEXT_HOP attribute unless explicitly configured with 'next-hop-self'.
✓
A route reflector adds its own cluster ID to the cluster-list attribute when reflecting a route.
Why this is correct
Correct. The RR adds its cluster ID to the cluster-list to prevent loops in hierarchical RR deployments.
Related concept
OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
✗
A route reflector reflects routes received from a non-client to all other non-clients.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. An RR reflects routes from a non-client only to clients, not to other non-clients.
✓
A route reflector reflects routes received from a client to all clients and non-clients.
Why this is correct
Correct. Routes from a client are reflected to all other clients and non-clients.
Related concept
OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
✗
A route reflector always sets the originator-id attribute to the router ID of the route reflector.
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect. The originator-id is set to the router ID of the originator of the route, not the RR.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: OSPF can fail even when IP connectivity looks correct

OSPF neighbour formation depends on matching areas, timers, network type, authentication and passive-interface behaviour. Do not choose an answer only because the devices can ping.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

OSPF questions usually test the details that control adjacency and route selection. Read the neighbour state, area, router ID and interface configuration before deciding what is wrong.

KKey Concepts to Remember

OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.
Router ID selection can affect neighbour relationships and LSDB output.
OSPF cost influences the preferred path.
A route can appear in OSPF information but not become the installed route.

TExam Day Tips

Check area mismatch first when OSPF adjacency fails.
Review passive interfaces when a network is advertised but no neighbour forms.
Use show ip ospf neighbor and show ip route clues carefully.

Key takeaway

OSPF neighbour adjacency depends on matching area, hello/dead timers, network type, and authentication — IP reachability alone is not enough.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A small business has 20 workstations on the 192.168.1.0/24 network and one public IP from its ISP. The router uses PAT (NAT overload) so all 20 devices share one public address using different source ports. NAT questions test whether you understand the four address terms and which direction each translation applies.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Review OSPF neighbour requirements — matching area type, hello and dead timers, network type, stub flags, and authentication. Study show ip ospf neighbor states (INIT, 2-WAY, FULL). Then practise related 300-410 OSPF questions on adjacency and route selection.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this 300-410 question test?

BGP Troubleshooting — This question tests BGP Troubleshooting — OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: A route reflector adds its own cluster ID to the cluster-list attribute when reflecting a route. — Route reflectors (RRs) are used to reduce IBGP full mesh. They reflect routes from clients and non-clients, but with specific rules to prevent loops. An RR does not modify the AS_PATH or NEXT_HOP by default. The 'cluster-list' attribute is used to detect loops. When an RR receives a route from a non-client, it reflects it only to clients, not to other non-clients. The 'originator-id' attribute is set by the RR to the router ID of the originator.

What should I do if I get this 300-410 question wrong?

What is the key concept behind this question?

OSPF neighbours must agree on key parameters.

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Same concept, more angles

1 more ways this is tested on 300-410

These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.

Variation 1. Which TWO statements about BGP route reflectors are true when troubleshooting route propagation issues? (Choose TWO.)

medium

✓ A.A route reflector forwards routes received from a non-client peer to all client and non-client peers.
B.A route reflector appends its own AS number to the AS_PATH when reflecting routes.
✓ C.The cluster ID is used to prevent routing loops within a route reflector cluster.
D.Clients in a route reflector cluster must be fully meshed with each other.
E.A route reflector changes the next-hop attribute to its own address when reflecting routes.

Why A: Route reflectors pass routes from non-client peers to all other peers (including other clients and non-clients) without requiring full mesh, but they do not modify the AS_PATH. The cluster ID is used to prevent loops within a cluster. Option B is incorrect because route reflectors do not prepend the AS_PATH. Option D is incorrect because clients must peer only with the route reflector, not with each other. Option E is incorrect because the next-hop is not changed by default.

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