Quick Answer
The answer is AWS Step Functions. This service is the correct choice because it is purpose-built to orchestrate complex, multi-step workflows across AWS services, allowing you to automate incident response by coordinating Lambda functions, API calls, and other actions in a defined sequence. When a CloudTrail log event signals a potential security threat, Step Functions can manage the entire response flow—such as isolating resources, revoking permissions, and notifying teams—without requiring custom code for state management. On the AWS Certified Security Specialty SCS-C02 exam, this question tests your ability to distinguish between event triggers and workflow orchestrators; a common trap is choosing Amazon EventBridge, which can detect the event but cannot manage the subsequent multi-step logic. Remember the memory tip: EventBridge rings the alarm, but Step Functions runs the fire drill.
This SCS-C02 practice question tests your understanding of management and security governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A security engineer needs to automate the response to an AWS CloudTrail log event that indicates a potential security threat. Which AWS service would be most appropriate to orchestrate the automated response?
AWS Lambda
Why wrong: Incorrect: Lambda runs code but does not coordinate multiple actions.
Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS)
Why wrong: Incorrect: SQS is a message queue, not an orchestrator.
AWS Step Functions
Correct: Step Functions orchestrates workflows and coordinates services.
Amazon EventBridge
Why wrong: Incorrect: EventBridge routes events but does not orchestrate multi-step workflows.
Answer choices
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
AWS Step Functions
Option C is correct because AWS Step Functions can coordinate multiple AWS services into a workflow, such as invoking Lambda functions, making API calls, etc. Option A is wrong because Amazon EventBridge can trigger events but does not orchestrate complex workflows. Option B is wrong because AWS Lambda can execute code but is not an orchestrator. Option D is wrong because Amazon SQS is a message queue, not an orchestrator.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
AWS Lambda
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect: Lambda runs code but does not coordinate multiple actions.
Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS)
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect: SQS is a message queue, not an orchestrator.
AWS Step Functions
Why this is correct
Correct: Step Functions orchestrates workflows and coordinates services.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
Amazon EventBridge
Why it's wrong here
Incorrect: EventBridge routes events but does not orchestrate multi-step workflows.
Common exam traps
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
A cloud solutions architect for a retail company is evaluating services for a new workload. The correct answer here reflects best practice for the specific scenario described — not a general cloud recommendation. NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated. Cloud exam questions reward reading the constraint carefully: the same technology can be right or wrong depending on the use case.
What to study next
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SCS-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Management and Security Governance — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Management and Security Governance — This question tests Management and Security Governance — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
The correct answer is: AWS Step Functions — Option C is correct because AWS Step Functions can coordinate multiple AWS services into a workflow, such as invoking Lambda functions, making API calls, etc. Option A is wrong because Amazon EventBridge can trigger events but does not orchestrate complex workflows. Option B is wrong because AWS Lambda can execute code but is not an orchestrator. Option D is wrong because Amazon SQS is a message queue, not an orchestrator.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SCS-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This SCS-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SCS-C02 exam.
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