- A
Create an IAM role in each member account that allows the central security account to assume it.
This enables cross-account access for the Lambda function to modify security groups.
- B
Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to deploy the Lambda function to all member accounts.
Why wrong: This still requires per-account remediation setup, not central.
- C
Configure an AWS Config remediation action that invokes the Lambda function in the central account.
Config remediation can invoke a Lambda function cross-account if permissions are set up correctly.
- D
Attach a resource-based policy to the Lambda function granting access to Config from all member accounts.
Why wrong: Config invokes Lambda via a service-linked role, not resource-based policy cross-account.
- E
Create the Lambda function in each member account and configure Config rules in each account.
Why wrong: This is operationally inefficient; the goal is central management.
Quick Answer
The answer is to configure an AWS Config remediation action that invokes the Lambda function in the central account, combined with establishing an IAM role in each member account that the central Lambda can assume. This works because cross-account remediation requires the Lambda function to first assume a role in the target account via AWS Security Token Service, granting it the necessary permissions to modify security groups, while the Config remediation action triggers the Lambda from the central account. On the AWS Certified Security Specialty SCS-C02 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of cross-account automation using AWS Organizations, Config aggregated rules, and least-privilege IAM roles—a common trap is thinking you can deploy the Lambda directly into each member account or that Config alone handles cross-account permissions. Remember the key pattern: central Lambda + cross-account IAM role + Config remediation action. A useful memory tip is “Assume to remediate”—the Lambda must assume a role in the target account before it can fix any noncompliant resource.
SCS-C02 Management and Security Governance Practice Question
This SCS-C02 practice question tests your understanding of management and security governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A security engineer is designing a solution to automatically remediate noncompliant EC2 security groups. The company uses AWS Organizations with multiple accounts. The engineer wants to deploy an AWS Config rule and a custom Lambda function in a central security account to evaluate and remediate security groups across all accounts. Which combination of steps is REQUIRED to allow the Lambda function to modify security groups in member accounts? (Choose TWO.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create an IAM role in each member account that allows the central security account to assume it.
The correct approach is to use AWS Config aggregated rules with remediation actions that invoke Lambda cross-account. Option A is required to allow the central account to assume a role in member accounts; Option C is required to invoke the Lambda function from Config. Option B (same account) is not cross-account. Option D is not required because Config aggregates can work with individual accounts. Option E is redundant.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Create an IAM role in each member account that allows the central security account to assume it.
Why this is correct
This enables cross-account access for the Lambda function to modify security groups.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- ✗
Use AWS CloudFormation StackSets to deploy the Lambda function to all member accounts.
Why it's wrong here
This still requires per-account remediation setup, not central.
- ✓
Configure an AWS Config remediation action that invokes the Lambda function in the central account.
Why this is correct
Config remediation can invoke a Lambda function cross-account if permissions are set up correctly.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- ✗
Attach a resource-based policy to the Lambda function granting access to Config from all member accounts.
Why it's wrong here
Config invokes Lambda via a service-linked role, not resource-based policy cross-account.
- ✗
Create the Lambda function in each member account and configure Config rules in each account.
Why it's wrong here
This is operationally inefficient; the goal is central management.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
- Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
- NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
- Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
- Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
- Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SCS-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
- →
Management and Security Governance — study guide chapter
Learn the concepts, then practise the questions
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SCS-C02 question test?
Management and Security Governance — This question tests Management and Security Governance — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create an IAM role in each member account that allows the central security account to assume it. — The correct approach is to use AWS Config aggregated rules with remediation actions that invoke Lambda cross-account. Option A is required to allow the central account to assume a role in member accounts; Option C is required to invoke the Lambda function from Config. Option B (same account) is not cross-account. Option D is not required because Config aggregates can work with individual accounts. Option E is redundant.
What should I do if I get this SCS-C02 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related SCS-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This SCS-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SCS-C02 exam.
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