SCS-C02 Infrastructure Security Practice Question
A security engineer is designing a secure VPC architecture. Which THREE components should be used to implement defense in depth? (Choose three.)
⚠ Common exam trap
Many exam-takers confuse connectivity components (VPN, Internet gateway) with security controls, or they overlook that VPC Flow Logs are a detective control (not preventive) but still a valid part of defense in depth, leading them to select A or B instead of the correct trio of security groups, network ACLs, and VPC Flow Logs.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Security groups
Security groups (C) are stateful virtual firewalls that control inbound and outbound traffic at the instance level. They operate at the network interface (ENI) level, allowing only explicitly permitted traffic and automatically allowing return traffic for permitted sessions. This provides a critical layer of host-level defense within the VPC.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
VPN connection
Why it's wrong here
Provides encrypted connectivity, not defense in depth.
- ✗
Internet gateway
Why it's wrong here
Provides internet access, not security.
- ✓
Security groups
Why this is correct
Instance-level firewall.
- ✓
Network ACLs
Why this is correct
Subnet-level firewall.
- ✓
VPC Flow Logs
Why this is correct
Monitor traffic for analysis.
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
This SCS-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SCS-C02 exam.