- A
Enable S3 server access logging on each source bucket to deliver logs to the central S3 bucket.
S3 server access logs are enabled per bucket and can be delivered to a target bucket.
- B
Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs subscription filter to stream logs from each account to the central bucket.
Why wrong: CloudWatch Logs subscription filters stream to destinations like Lambda or Kinesis, not directly to S3.
- C
Enable AWS CloudTrail Insights in each account to capture S3 access logs.
Why wrong: CloudTrail Insights is for unusual API activity, not S3 access logs.
- D
Create an AWS CloudTrail trail in each account that delivers logs to the central S3 bucket.
Centralized logging requires each account's trail to deliver to the central bucket.
- E
Apply a bucket policy on the central S3 bucket that grants cross-account write access from each account's CloudTrail service.
Cross-account writes require the bucket policy to allow PutObject from source accounts.
Quick Answer
The correct answer involves applying a bucket policy on the central S3 bucket that grants cross-account write access from each account's CloudTrail service, combined with configuring S3 server access logging on each source bucket to deliver logs directly to that central bucket. This works because S3 server access logging is a native feature that writes detailed log objects for every request made to a source bucket, while CloudTrail can be configured to deliver its logs to a central bucket in the logging account when that bucket’s policy explicitly allows the CloudTrail service principal from each source account to write objects. On the AWS Certified Solutions Architect Professional SAP-C02 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of cross-account log aggregation using resource-based policies and service-specific delivery mechanisms—a common trap is confusing CloudTrail’s cross-account delivery (which requires a bucket policy) with S3 access log delivery (which is configured per source bucket and does not require a bucket policy for cross-account writes). Memory tip: think “bucket policy for CloudTrail, source bucket config for S3 logs.”
SAP-C02 Practice Question: Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design solutions for organizational complexity. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has a multi-account AWS environment with a centralized logging account. The security team needs to collect all Amazon S3 access logs and AWS CloudTrail logs from all accounts into a centralized Amazon S3 bucket in the logging account. Which THREE steps are required to meet this requirement? (Choose THREE.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Enable S3 server access logging on each source bucket to deliver logs to the central S3 bucket.
Option A is correct because S3 server access logging can be configured on each source bucket to deliver detailed access logs directly to a central S3 bucket in the logging account. This is a native S3 feature that writes log objects for every request made to the source bucket, satisfying the requirement to collect S3 access logs.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Enable S3 server access logging on each source bucket to deliver logs to the central S3 bucket.
Why this is correct
S3 server access logs are enabled per bucket and can be delivered to a target bucket.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs subscription filter to stream logs from each account to the central bucket.
Why it's wrong here
CloudWatch Logs subscription filters stream to destinations like Lambda or Kinesis, not directly to S3.
- ✗
Enable AWS CloudTrail Insights in each account to capture S3 access logs.
Why it's wrong here
CloudTrail Insights is for unusual API activity, not S3 access logs.
- ✓
Create an AWS CloudTrail trail in each account that delivers logs to the central S3 bucket.
Why this is correct
Centralized logging requires each account's trail to deliver to the central bucket.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✓
Apply a bucket policy on the central S3 bucket that grants cross-account write access from each account's CloudTrail service.
Why this is correct
Cross-account writes require the bucket policy to allow PutObject from source accounts.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often confuse CloudWatch Logs subscription filters or CloudTrail Insights as mechanisms to collect S3 access logs, when in fact S3 server access logging and CloudTrail trails are the correct services for this centralized logging requirement.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
S3 server access logging works by having the source bucket specify a target bucket and a prefix, and S3 writes log objects for each request; the target bucket must have a bucket policy granting the S3 Log Delivery group write access (e.g., 'arn:aws:logs:us-east-1:123456789012:*'). CloudTrail trails can be configured to deliver logs to a central S3 bucket across accounts by using a bucket policy that grants the CloudTrail service principal (cloudtrail.amazonaws.com) from each source account the s3:PutObject permission, and the trail must specify the central bucket's ARN.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
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Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — This question tests Design Solutions for Organizational Complexity — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Enable S3 server access logging on each source bucket to deliver logs to the central S3 bucket. — Option A is correct because S3 server access logging can be configured on each source bucket to deliver detailed access logs directly to a central S3 bucket in the logging account. This is a native S3 feature that writes log objects for every request made to the source bucket, satisfying the requirement to collect S3 access logs.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 24, 2026
This SAP-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SAP-C02 exam.
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