- A
Deploy all resources in a single AWS region that meets the data residency requirement.
Deploying in a single region ensures data is stored and processed within that region.
- B
Use S3 bucket policies to deny access if the request comes from outside the required region.
Bucket policies can restrict access based on source IP or region, but do not prevent data from being replicated elsewhere.
- C
Use Amazon CloudFront to serve content from edge locations.
Why wrong: CloudFront caches data at edge locations globally, which may store data outside the required region.
- D
Use AWS Key Management Service (KMS) with customer managed keys.
Why wrong: KMS keys are regional but do not restrict where data is stored.
- E
Enable cross-Region replication for data stored in Amazon S3.
Why wrong: Cross-Region replication copies data to another region, violating data residency.
Quick Answer
The correct answer involves using S3 bucket policies to deny access from outside the required region and selecting the specific AWS region for deployment. These two architectural decisions directly enforce data residency compliance by ensuring that sensitive user data is both stored and accessed only within the designated geographic boundary. On the AWS Certified Solutions Architect Professional SAP-C02 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of how to combine regional isolation with access controls, often trapping candidates who overlook that services like CloudFront or cross-Region replication can inadvertently move data. A common memory tip is to think “lock the region and lock the door”—choose the region first, then use S3 bucket policies with a condition key like aws:SourceIp or aws:RequestedRegion to block any access from outside that region. This approach satisfies strict data residency requirements without relying on services that globally distribute content.
SAP-C02 Design for New Solutions Practice Question
This SAP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of design for new solutions. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is designing a new application on AWS that will store sensitive user data. The application must comply with data residency requirements, meaning data must remain within a specific geographic region. Which TWO architectural decisions should a Solutions Architect make to ensure compliance?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Deploy all resources in a single AWS region that meets the data residency requirement.
Option A is correct because S3 bucket policies can restrict access to specific regions. Option C is correct because selecting the region for deployment ensures data stays in that region. Option B is wrong because CloudFront caches data globally, which may violate data residency. Option D is wrong because cross-Region replication moves data to another region. Option E is wrong because KMS keys are region-specific but do not prevent data movement.
Key principle: ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Deploy all resources in a single AWS region that meets the data residency requirement.
Why this is correct
Deploying in a single region ensures data is stored and processed within that region.
Related concept
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
- ✓
Use S3 bucket policies to deny access if the request comes from outside the required region.
Why this is correct
Bucket policies can restrict access based on source IP or region, but do not prevent data from being replicated elsewhere.
Related concept
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
- ✗
Use Amazon CloudFront to serve content from edge locations.
Why it's wrong here
CloudFront caches data at edge locations globally, which may store data outside the required region.
- ✗
Use AWS Key Management Service (KMS) with customer managed keys.
Why it's wrong here
KMS keys are regional but do not restrict where data is stored.
- ✗
Enable cross-Region replication for data stored in Amazon S3.
Why it's wrong here
Cross-Region replication copies data to another region, violating data residency.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: ACLs stop at the first match
ACLs are processed top to bottom. The first matching entry wins, and an implicit deny usually exists at the end.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
ACL questions test precision: source, destination, protocol, port and direction. A generally correct ACL can still fail if it is applied on the wrong interface or in the wrong direction.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Standard ACLs match source addresses.
- Extended ACLs can match source, destination, protocol and ports.
- The first matching ACL entry is used.
- There is usually an implicit deny at the end.
TExam Day Tips
- Check inbound versus outbound direction.
- Read the ACL from top to bottom.
- Look for a broader permit or deny above the intended line.
Key takeaway
ACLs process entries top to bottom and stop at the first match. Entry order and interface direction matter as much as the permit or deny statement.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related SAP-C02 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.
- →
Design for New Solutions — study guide chapter
Learn the concepts, then practise the questions
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this SAP-C02 question test?
Design for New Solutions — This question tests Design for New Solutions — Standard ACLs match source addresses..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Deploy all resources in a single AWS region that meets the data residency requirement. — Option A is correct because S3 bucket policies can restrict access to specific regions. Option C is correct because selecting the region for deployment ensures data stays in that region. Option B is wrong because CloudFront caches data globally, which may violate data residency. Option D is wrong because cross-Region replication moves data to another region. Option E is wrong because KMS keys are region-specific but do not prevent data movement.
What should I do if I get this SAP-C02 question wrong?
Review ACL processing order, placement rules (standard near destination, extended near source), and inbound vs outbound direction. Study wildcard masks and implicit deny. Then practise related SAP-C02 ACL questions on filtering logic and placement.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Standard ACLs match source addresses.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This SAP-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the SAP-C02 exam.
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