- A
Enable AWS Config in each member account individually and create a custom rule using AWS Lambda to check bucket encryption, then send compliance results to the security account via Amazon EventBridge.
Why wrong: While this could work, it requires manual setup in each account and is less centralized than using organization conformance packs, leading to operational overhead.
- B
Use a service control policy (SCP) to deny s3:PutObject unless the request includes a specific KMS key ID.
Why wrong: SCPs can deny API calls, but they cannot enforce existing buckets that are already non-compliant, and the security team cannot detect non-compliant buckets without additional services.
- C
Create an AWS Config rule in the security account with an organization conformance pack to check bucket encryption settings, and use an automatic remediation action with AWS Systems Manager Automation to apply the required KMS key.
This solution uses AWS Config rules to continuously evaluate compliance, and automatic remediation ensures non-compliant buckets are fixed. The security team can view compliance status without data access.
- D
Enable AWS CloudTrail in the security account and create a metric filter to detect PutBucketEncryption API calls, then trigger a Lambda function to remediate.
Why wrong: This approach only detects changes after they happen, does not enforce a baseline, and does not cover existing buckets.
ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A financial services company has a multi-account AWS environment managed via AWS Organizations. The security team needs to enforce that all Amazon S3 buckets across the organization are encrypted with AWS KMS using a specific customer managed key (CMK) from the security account. Currently, some accounts have S3 buckets with SSE-S3 encryption or no encryption. The security team must not be able to read the data in the buckets, but must be able to detect and remediate non-compliant buckets. The solution must use AWS native services and minimize operational overhead. Which combination of actions should the security team take?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue:
"minimum / minimize"Why it matters: Asks for the least resource use — fewest addresses, smallest subnet, lowest overhead. Eliminate over-provisioned options even if they would technically work.
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create an AWS Config rule in the security account with an organization conformance pack to check bucket encryption settings, and use an automatic remediation action with AWS Systems Manager Automation to apply the required KMS key.
Option C is correct because using AWS Config rules with an organization-level conformance pack allows centralized enforcement. The custom rule can check bucket encryption settings, and the remediation action (SSM automation) can apply the correct KMS key. The security team can view compliance without accessing the data. Option A is wrong because SCPs can only deny actions, not enforce specific encryption settings proactively. Option B is wrong because CloudTrail trails only log events, they do not enforce policies. Option D is wrong because enabling AWS Config in every account individually creates operational overhead and does not allow organization-wide enforcement easily.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Enable AWS Config in each member account individually and create a custom rule using AWS Lambda to check bucket encryption, then send compliance results to the security account via Amazon EventBridge.
Why it's wrong here
While this could work, it requires manual setup in each account and is less centralized than using organization conformance packs, leading to operational overhead.
- ✗
Use a service control policy (SCP) to deny s3:PutObject unless the request includes a specific KMS key ID.
Why it's wrong here
SCPs can deny API calls, but they cannot enforce existing buckets that are already non-compliant, and the security team cannot detect non-compliant buckets without additional services.
- ✓
Create an AWS Config rule in the security account with an organization conformance pack to check bucket encryption settings, and use an automatic remediation action with AWS Systems Manager Automation to apply the required KMS key.
Why this is correct
This solution uses AWS Config rules to continuously evaluate compliance, and automatic remediation ensures non-compliant buckets are fixed. The security team can view compliance status without data access.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "minimum / minimize" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- ✗
Enable AWS CloudTrail in the security account and create a metric filter to detect PutBucketEncryption API calls, then trigger a Lambda function to remediate.
Why it's wrong here
This approach only detects changes after they happen, does not enforce a baseline, and does not cover existing buckets.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
- PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
- Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
- NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
- Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
- Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
- Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related ANS-C01 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create an AWS Config rule in the security account with an organization conformance pack to check bucket encryption settings, and use an automatic remediation action with AWS Systems Manager Automation to apply the required KMS key. — Option C is correct because using AWS Config rules with an organization-level conformance pack allows centralized enforcement. The custom rule can check bucket encryption settings, and the remediation action (SSM automation) can apply the correct KMS key. The security team can view compliance without accessing the data. Option A is wrong because SCPs can only deny actions, not enforce specific encryption settings proactively. Option B is wrong because CloudTrail trails only log events, they do not enforce policies. Option D is wrong because enabling AWS Config in every account individually creates operational overhead and does not allow organization-wide enforcement easily.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related ANS-C01 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "minimum / minimize". Asks for the least resource use — fewest addresses, smallest subnet, lowest overhead. Eliminate over-provisioned options even if they would technically work.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
This ANS-C01 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the ANS-C01 exam.
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