- A
Create VPC peering connections between each application VPC and the inspection VPC, and add routes pointing to the peering connection.
Why wrong: VPC peering does not support transitive routing; traffic to internet would not go through inspection VPC.
- B
Attach an internet gateway to each application VPC and add a default route pointing to the inspection VPC's NAT gateway.
Why wrong: NAT gateway cannot be a route target across VPCs.
- C
Attach an internet gateway to each application VPC and add default route pointing to it.
Why wrong: This bypasses the inspection VPC.
- D
Create a TGW route table with a blackhole route for 0.0.0.0/0 and associate it with application VPC attachments; attach the inspection VPC to a different TGW route table that has a route to the internet via an egress VPC.
This enforces traffic flow through inspection VPC.
Quick Answer
The correct answer is to create a Transit Gateway route table with a blackhole route for 0.0.0.0/0 and associate it with application VPC attachments, while attaching the inspection VPC to a different TGW route table that routes traffic to an egress VPC with an internet gateway. This works because separate route tables enforce path isolation: the blackhole route in the application VPCs’ route table prevents any direct outbound traffic, forcing all packets to first traverse the inspection VPC for security monitoring before the egress VPC can forward them to the internet. On the AWS Certified Advanced Networking Specialty ANS-C01 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of Transit Gateway centralized outbound traffic inspection, a common design pattern for compliance and logging. A frequent trap is assuming a single TGW route table can handle both inspection and egress, but that would allow bypassing the inspection VPC. Memory tip: think “blackhole the apps, route the inspection” — the blackhole blocks direct egress, while a separate route table for the inspection VPC provides the controlled path to the internet.
ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company wants to enforce that all outbound traffic from its VPC flows through a centralized inspection VPC for security monitoring. The VPCs are connected via Transit Gateway. Which set of actions should a network engineer take to ensure that traffic from application VPCs is routed to the inspection VPC before reaching the internet?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create a TGW route table with a blackhole route for 0.0.0.0/0 and associate it with application VPC attachments; attach the inspection VPC to a different TGW route table that has a route to the internet via an egress VPC.
Option D is correct because it uses separate Transit Gateway route tables to enforce traffic isolation: the application VPC attachments use a route table with a blackhole for 0.0.0.0/0, preventing direct internet access, while the inspection VPC uses a different route table with a route to an egress VPC that has an internet gateway. This ensures all outbound traffic from application VPCs must first traverse the inspection VPC for security monitoring before reaching the internet.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Create VPC peering connections between each application VPC and the inspection VPC, and add routes pointing to the peering connection.
Why it's wrong here
VPC peering does not support transitive routing; traffic to internet would not go through inspection VPC.
- ✗
Attach an internet gateway to each application VPC and add a default route pointing to the inspection VPC's NAT gateway.
- ✗
Attach an internet gateway to each application VPC and add default route pointing to it.
Why it's wrong here
This bypasses the inspection VPC.
- ✓
Create a TGW route table with a blackhole route for 0.0.0.0/0 and associate it with application VPC attachments; attach the inspection VPC to a different TGW route table that has a route to the internet via an egress VPC.
Why this is correct
This enforces traffic flow through inspection VPC.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates often assume VPC peering or direct internet gateway attachments can be combined with Transit Gateway for centralized inspection, but they fail to recognize that Transit Gateway route tables are required to enforce traffic isolation and prevent direct internet access from application VPCs.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Transit Gateway supports multiple route tables, allowing you to segment traffic between VPC attachments. By associating application VPC attachments with a route table that has a blackhole route for 0.0.0.0/0, you prevent any outbound traffic from those VPCs from reaching the internet directly. The inspection VPC is attached to a separate route table that has a route to an egress VPC (which has an internet gateway), and the inspection VPC's security appliances (e.g., firewalls) can forward traffic after inspection. This design leverages the transitive routing capability of Transit Gateway while maintaining strict traffic flow control.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create a TGW route table with a blackhole route for 0.0.0.0/0 and associate it with application VPC attachments; attach the inspection VPC to a different TGW route table that has a route to the internet via an egress VPC. — Option D is correct because it uses separate Transit Gateway route tables to enforce traffic isolation: the application VPC attachments use a route table with a blackhole for 0.0.0.0/0, preventing direct internet access, while the inspection VPC uses a different route table with a route to an egress VPC that has an internet gateway. This ensures all outbound traffic from application VPCs must first traverse the inspection VPC for security monitoring before reaching the internet.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
About these practice questions
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Same concept, more angles
3 more ways this is tested on ANS-C01
These questions test the same concept from different angles. Work through them to make sure you can recognise it however the exam phrases it.
Variation 1. A company is designing a hub-and-spoke network in AWS. The security team requires that all traffic between VPCs in different spokes must be inspected by a third-party firewall deployed in the hub VPC. Which architecture meets this requirement with minimal complexity?
hard- A.Create VPC peering connections between each spoke VPC and configure security groups to enforce inspection.
- B.Use AWS PrivateLink to connect all spoke VPCs to a central service in the hub.
- ✓ C.Use a Transit Gateway with separate route tables for each spoke VPC, and configure the spoke route tables to route all inter-spoke traffic through the hub VPC firewall.
- D.Set up AWS Direct Connect between all VPCs and route through a central firewall.
Why C: Option A is correct because Transit Gateway with route tables in each spoke pointing default route to the hub VPC forces traffic through the firewall. Option B is wrong because VPC peering does not centralize inspection. Option C is wrong because AWS PrivateLink is for service access, not inter-VPC routing. Option D is wrong because Direct Connect is for on-premises connectivity.
Variation 2. A company has a VPC with multiple subnets. They want to enforce that all traffic between subnets must be inspected by a security appliance deployed in a centralized inspection VPC. Which AWS feature should be used to route traffic to the inspection VPC without changing the routing on each subnet?
hard- A.VPC Peering
- ✓ B.Transit Gateway with route tables
- C.NAT Gateway
- D.Network Load Balancer
Why B: A Transit Gateway with route tables allows central routing and inspection. Option A is wrong because VPC peering does not support centralized inspection easily. Option B is wrong because NAT Gateway is for outbound internet. Option D is wrong because a Network Load Balancer is for load balancing, not routing.
Variation 3. A company needs to ensure that all outbound traffic from a VPC goes through a centralized inspection appliance in a different VPC. Which TWO actions must be taken to achieve this?
hard- A.Deploy VPC endpoints for all AWS services used.
- B.Use AWS Direct Connect Gateway to route traffic between VPCs.
- C.Create VPC peering connections between all VPCs.
- ✓ D.Use AWS Transit Gateway with appropriate route tables to direct traffic to the inspection VPC.
- ✓ E.Configure the inspection VPC to forward traffic to its destination after inspection.
Why D: Option A is correct: Transit Gateway with route tables can direct traffic to the inspection VPC. Option C is correct: The inspection VPC must have routes to forward traffic back. Option B is wrong: VPC peering does not support transitive routing. Option D is wrong: Direct Connect is for on-premises. Option E is wrong: VPC endpoints do not route general internet traffic.
Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026
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