- A
Deploy an Amazon CloudFront distribution in front of S3 and use its public endpoint
Why wrong: CloudFront is for content delivery and uses public endpoints; it does not solve private access to SQS.
- B
Create a NAT gateway in a public subnet and update the route tables to send traffic to it
Why wrong: NAT gateway would route traffic over the internet, violating the requirement to stay within AWS network.
- C
Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection and route traffic through it
Why wrong: Direct Connect provides private connectivity to AWS, but it is used for hybrid networks, not for VPC to AWS service traffic. It is also more complex and costly.
- D
Create a gateway endpoint for S3 and an interface endpoint for SQS in the VPC, and update the route tables for S3 and the security groups for SQS
Gateway endpoint for S3 uses prefix lists in route tables; interface endpoint for SQS uses ENIs and security groups. Update policies to allow traffic from the VPC endpoints.
Quick Answer
The answer is to create a gateway endpoint for S3 and an interface endpoint for SQS in the VPC, then update the route tables for S3 and the security groups for SQS. This is correct because VPC endpoints for S3 and SQS enable private connectivity without internet by allowing traffic to stay entirely within the AWS network, bypassing the need for a NAT gateway or Internet Gateway. Gateway endpoints work for S3 by adding a route in the route table, while interface endpoints use an elastic network interface with a security group for SQS, ensuring the application’s IAM role and resource policies align with the VPC. On the AWS Certified Advanced Networking Specialty ANS-C01 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of endpoint types and their configuration differences—a common trap is assuming both services use the same endpoint type. Remember the memory tip: “Gateway for S3, Interface for SQS” to quickly distinguish which endpoint type pairs with each service.
ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company runs a critical application on EC2 instances in a VPC. The application needs to send data to an S3 bucket and an SQS queue, both in the same AWS account. The security team requires that all traffic to these AWS services must stay within the AWS network and not traverse the internet. The VPC has private subnets with no NAT gateway or Internet Gateway. The EC2 instances have an IAM role that grants necessary permissions. The S3 bucket and SQS queue are configured with bucket policies and queue policies that deny all access except from the VPC. However, the application is failing to send data to both S3 and SQS. What should the network engineer do to resolve this issue?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Create a gateway endpoint for S3 and an interface endpoint for SQS in the VPC, and update the route tables for S3 and the security groups for SQS
Option C is correct because VPC endpoints for S3 (Gateway endpoint) and SQS (Interface endpoint) provide private connectivity without internet. The policies must also be updated to allow traffic from the endpoints. Option A is wrong because NAT gateways would route traffic over the internet, violating the requirement. Option B is wrong because Direct Connect is overkill and does not solve the immediate issue of private connectivity to S3 and SQS. Option D is wrong because CloudFront is for content delivery and does not provide private access to SQS.
Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Deploy an Amazon CloudFront distribution in front of S3 and use its public endpoint
Why it's wrong here
CloudFront is for content delivery and uses public endpoints; it does not solve private access to SQS.
- ✗
Create a NAT gateway in a public subnet and update the route tables to send traffic to it
- ✗
Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection and route traffic through it
Why it's wrong here
Direct Connect provides private connectivity to AWS, but it is used for hybrid networks, not for VPC to AWS service traffic. It is also more complex and costly.
- ✓
Create a gateway endpoint for S3 and an interface endpoint for SQS in the VPC, and update the route tables for S3 and the security groups for SQS
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
- Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
- The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
- Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
- Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
- Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Key takeaway
Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create a gateway endpoint for S3 and an interface endpoint for SQS in the VPC, and update the route tables for S3 and the security groups for SQS — Option C is correct because VPC endpoints for S3 (Gateway endpoint) and SQS (Interface endpoint) provide private connectivity without internet. The policies must also be updated to allow traffic from the endpoints. Option A is wrong because NAT gateways would route traffic over the internet, violating the requirement. Option B is wrong because Direct Connect is overkill and does not solve the immediate issue of private connectivity to S3 and SQS. Option D is wrong because CloudFront is for content delivery and does not provide private access to SQS.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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