ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
A company is using AWS Transit Gateway to connect multiple VPCs and on-premises networks. The security team needs to implement a centralized inspection architecture where all traffic between VPCs must be inspected by a security appliance (e.g., firewall) deployed in a dedicated inspection VPC. Currently, traffic flows directly between VPCs using the Transit Gateway. Which architecture change would enforce that all inter-VPC traffic passes through the inspection VPC?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Configure the Transit Gateway to use separate route tables for each VPC attachment, with a default route pointing to the inspection VPC's attachment. Then, in the inspection VPC, route traffic back to the Transit Gateway for final delivery.
By using Transit Gateway route tables, you can create separate route tables for each VPC attachment and propagate only a default route pointing to the inspection VPC. This forces all traffic to go through the inspection VPC. Option A is incorrect because VPC peering does not integrate with Transit Gateway. Option C is incorrect because Direct Connect Gateway is for on-premises connectivity, not for inter-VPC routing. Option D is incorrect because Network Load Balancer does not provide routing control.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Create VPC peering connections between each VPC and the inspection VPC, and remove the Transit Gateway attachments.
Why it's wrong here
VPC peering does not provide centralized routing and would require complex route table entries.
- ✓
Configure the Transit Gateway to use separate route tables for each VPC attachment, with a default route pointing to the inspection VPC's attachment. Then, in the inspection VPC, route traffic back to the Transit Gateway for final delivery.
Why this is correct
This design forces all inter-VPC traffic to traverse the inspection VPC for firewall inspection.
- ✗
Use AWS Direct Connect Gateway to route traffic through the inspection VPC.
Why it's wrong here
Direct Connect Gateway is for connecting Direct Connect to multiple VPCs, not for inter-VPC routing.
- ✗
Deploy a Network Load Balancer in each VPC and configure it to forward traffic to the inspection VPC.
Why it's wrong here
Network Load Balancers do not provide routing; they distribute traffic to targets.
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Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
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