ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. This is a configuration task: choose the command set that satisfies every stated requirement. Small differences — like 'secret' vs 'password' or 'transport input ssh' vs 'all' — change whether the answer is correct. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company is using AWS Transit Gateway to connect multiple VPCs and on-premises networks via AWS Direct Connect and VPN. They have a central inspection VPC that uses AWS Network Firewall to inspect traffic. The security team wants to ensure that all traffic between VPCs and between VPCs and on-premises is routed through the inspection VPC. They have created a transit gateway route table for each VPC and the Direct Connect/VPN attachments. They have configured the route tables to propagate routes from the inspection VPC's attachment. However, traffic is still bypassing the inspection VPC. What should the security team do to ensure traffic is inspected?
Enable route propagation for all attachments in the transit gateway route tables.
Why wrong: Route propagation does not force traffic through inspection; it only adds routes.
B
Create static routes in each VPC's transit gateway route table pointing to the inspection VPC attachment for all destination CIDRs, and remove any routes that point directly to other attachments.
Static routes can force traffic to the inspection VPC.
C
Configure network ACLs in the inspection VPC to block traffic that does not come from the transit gateway.
Why wrong: ACLs do not affect transit gateway routing decisions.
D
Create VPC peering connections between all VPCs and the inspection VPC.
Why wrong: VPC peering would create direct paths, bypassing the transit gateway.
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Create static routes in each VPC's transit gateway route table pointing to the inspection VPC attachment for all destination CIDRs, and remove any routes that point directly to other attachments.
Option C is correct because to force traffic through the inspection VPC, you must use transit gateway route tables with specific routes pointing to the inspection VPC's attachment, and ensure that no other routes allow direct communication. Option A is wrong because enabling route propagation alone does not force traffic through inspection; the inspection VPC must be the next hop. Option B is wrong because VPC peering bypasses the transit gateway. Option D is wrong because network ACLs in the inspection VPC do not affect routing in the transit gateway.
Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
Enable route propagation for all attachments in the transit gateway route tables.
Why it's wrong here
Route propagation does not force traffic through inspection; it only adds routes.
✓
Create static routes in each VPC's transit gateway route table pointing to the inspection VPC attachment for all destination CIDRs, and remove any routes that point directly to other attachments.
Why this is correct
Static routes can force traffic to the inspection VPC.
Configure network ACLs in the inspection VPC to block traffic that does not come from the transit gateway.
Why it's wrong here
ACLs do not affect transit gateway routing decisions.
✗
Create VPC peering connections between all VPCs and the inspection VPC.
Why it's wrong here
VPC peering would create direct paths, bypassing the transit gateway.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
→Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
→Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
→Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Key takeaway
Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A healthcare organisation deploys an application with a public-facing web tier and a private database tier. The database subnet has no public IP and only accepts connections from the web tier's security group. Questions like this test whether you can design cloud network isolation using VNets/VPCs, subnets, and security group rules.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Create static routes in each VPC's transit gateway route table pointing to the inspection VPC attachment for all destination CIDRs, and remove any routes that point directly to other attachments. — Option C is correct because to force traffic through the inspection VPC, you must use transit gateway route tables with specific routes pointing to the inspection VPC's attachment, and ensure that no other routes allow direct communication. Option A is wrong because enabling route propagation alone does not force traffic through inspection; the inspection VPC must be the next hop. Option B is wrong because VPC peering bypasses the transit gateway. Option D is wrong because network ACLs in the inspection VPC do not affect routing in the transit gateway.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
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