ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
A company has a VPC with public and private subnets. The private subnets need to access the internet through a NAT Gateway. The security team wants to ensure that traffic from the private subnets to the internet is logged and inspected for malicious activity. Which solution meets these requirements?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Configure VPC Traffic Mirroring from the private subnet instances to a network security appliance (e.g., partner firewall) for deep packet inspection.
VPC Traffic Mirroring allows you to capture and mirror all traffic from the elastic network interfaces (ENIs) of instances in private subnets to a network security appliance (e.g., partner firewall) for deep packet inspection and logging. This meets the requirement for inspecting traffic for malicious activity. Option A is incorrect because AWS Shield Advanced provides DDoS protection but does not provide deep packet inspection or logging of all traffic. Option B is incorrect because AWS WAF is a web application firewall that inspects HTTP/HTTPS traffic at the application layer, not network-level traffic from private subnets. Option C is incorrect because VPC Flow Logs only capture metadata (IP addresses, ports, protocols) and do not inspect packet payloads for malicious activity.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Use AWS Shield Advanced to inspect traffic and detect malicious activity.
Why it's wrong here
Shield is for DDoS detection, not inspection.
- ✗
Deploy AWS WAF on the NAT Gateway to inspect and filter outgoing traffic.
Why it's wrong here
WAF is for web traffic, not NAT Gateway.
- ✗
Enable VPC Flow Logs on the NAT Gateway and analyze the logs with Amazon Detective.
Why it's wrong here
Flow logs are metadata only; no packet inspection.
- ✓
Configure VPC Traffic Mirroring from the private subnet instances to a network security appliance (e.g., partner firewall) for deep packet inspection.
Why this is correct
Traffic Mirroring captures packets for inspection.
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JA
Written by Johnson Ajibi, MSc IT Security
Senior Network & Security Engineer · founder of Courseiva
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