- A
Create a VPC Gateway Endpoint for the firewall service.
Why wrong: Gateway Endpoints are for services like S3 and DynamoDB, not for Network Firewall.
- B
Add a NAT gateway in a public subnet and route 0.0.0.0/0 to the NAT gateway, then point the NAT gateway to the firewall.
Why wrong: NAT gateway provides source NAT but does not inspect traffic; routing through the firewall is still needed.
- C
Add a route in the subnet route tables that sends 0.0.0.0/0 traffic to the Network Firewall endpoint's elastic network interface.
This directs outbound traffic to the firewall for inspection before reaching the internet gateway.
- D
Add a transit gateway and attach the VPC and the internet gateway to it, then route traffic through the firewall.
Why wrong: Transit gateway is not necessary for a single VPC; the firewall can be integrated directly in the VPC.
ANS-C01 Network Security, Compliance and Governance Practice Question
This ANS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of network security, compliance and governance. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company has a VPC with multiple subnets. They have an AWS Network Firewall deployed in a firewall subnet. They want to inspect all outbound traffic from the VPC to the internet. Currently, the VPC route table has a default route (0.0.0.0/0) pointing to an internet gateway. What routing change is required to route outbound traffic through the firewall?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Add a route in the subnet route tables that sends 0.0.0.0/0 traffic to the Network Firewall endpoint's elastic network interface.
Option A is correct because Network Firewall requires traffic to be routed through a firewall endpoint, which is done by adding a route to the firewall endpoint's elastic network interface. Option B is wrong because a NAT gateway is for outbound traffic but does not provide inspection. Option C is wrong because a transit gateway is for connecting VPCs, not for firewall routing. Option D is wrong because a VPC endpoint is for private access to services.
Key principle: Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Create a VPC Gateway Endpoint for the firewall service.
- ✗
Add a NAT gateway in a public subnet and route 0.0.0.0/0 to the NAT gateway, then point the NAT gateway to the firewall.
- ✓
Add a route in the subnet route tables that sends 0.0.0.0/0 traffic to the Network Firewall endpoint's elastic network interface.
- ✗
Add a transit gateway and attach the VPC and the internet gateway to it, then route traffic through the firewall.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: usable hosts are not the same as total addresses
Subnetting questions often tempt you into counting all addresses. In normal IPv4 subnets, the network and broadcast addresses are not usable host addresses.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
Subnetting questions test whether you can identify the network, broadcast address, usable range, mask and correct subnet. Slow down enough to calculate the block size correctly.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
- Block size helps identify subnet boundaries.
- Network and broadcast addresses are not usable hosts in normal IPv4 subnets.
- The required host count determines the smallest suitable subnet.
TExam Day Tips
- Write the block size before choosing the subnet.
- Check whether the question asks for hosts, subnets or a specific address range.
- Do not confuse /24, /25, /26 and /27 host counts.
Key takeaway
Count usable hosts — not total addresses — and remember that the network and broadcast addresses are not available to hosts in standard IPv4 subnets.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this ANS-C01 question test?
Network Security, Compliance and Governance — This question tests Network Security, Compliance and Governance — CIDR notation defines the prefix length..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Add a route in the subnet route tables that sends 0.0.0.0/0 traffic to the Network Firewall endpoint's elastic network interface. — Option A is correct because Network Firewall requires traffic to be routed through a firewall endpoint, which is done by adding a route to the firewall endpoint's elastic network interface. Option B is wrong because a NAT gateway is for outbound traffic but does not provide inspection. Option C is wrong because a transit gateway is for connecting VPCs, not for firewall routing. Option D is wrong because a VPC endpoint is for private access to services.
What should I do if I get this ANS-C01 question wrong?
Review block sizes, usable host formulas (2^n − 2), and how to find network and broadcast addresses for /24 through /30. Then practise related ANS-C01 subnetting questions on CIDR, address ranges, and subnet selection.
What is the key concept behind this question?
CIDR notation defines the prefix length.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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