The correct answer is Amazon Kinesis Data Streams with AWS Lambda. This combination is ideal for streaming IoT data with reprocessing because Kinesis Data Streams can ingest high-throughput bursts from thousands of devices and retain records for up to 365 days, enabling automatic replay of failed records, while Lambda functions can transform and load that data into Amazon S3 for near-real-time analytics. On the AWS Certified Machine Learning Specialty MLS-C01 exam, this scenario tests your understanding of streaming ingestion versus batch or event-driven alternatives—a common trap is choosing Amazon SQS, which lacks the replay capability needed for reprocessing, or Amazon Glue, which is a batch ETL service not designed for streaming. Remember the key distinction: Kinesis retains data for replay, Lambda handles the transformation, and together they solve bursty IoT ingestion with fault tolerance. Memory tip: think "Kinesis keeps it, Lambda loads it."
MLS-C01 Data Engineering Practice Question
This MLS-C01 practice question tests your understanding of data engineering. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A data engineering team needs to ingest streaming data from thousands of IoT devices into Amazon S3 for near-real-time analytics. The solution must handle data that arrives in bursts and must be able to reprocess failed records automatically. Which combination of AWS services should the team use?
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Amazon Kinesis Data Streams with AWS Lambda
Option B is correct because Amazon Kinesis Data Streams can ingest high-throughput streaming data and retain it for up to 365 days, allowing reprocessing. AWS Lambda can be used to transform and load the data into S3. Option A is wrong because Amazon SQS is not optimized for streaming ingestion and lacks replay capability. Option C is wrong because Amazon Glue is a batch ETL service, not for streaming. Option D is wrong because Amazon DynamoDB Streams are tied to DynamoDB table changes, not direct IoT ingestion.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
AWS Glue with Amazon S3
Why it's wrong here
Glue is batch-oriented, not designed for real-time streaming ingestion.
✗
Amazon SQS with AWS Lambda
Why it's wrong here
SQS is message queue, not ideal for high-throughput streaming and lacks long retention for replay.
✓
Amazon Kinesis Data Streams with AWS Lambda
Why this is correct
Kinesis Data Streams can ingest bursty streaming data and retain it for replay; Lambda can process and load to S3.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
✗
Amazon DynamoDB Streams with AWS Lambda
Why it's wrong here
DynamoDB Streams capture table changes, not direct IoT data ingestion.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related MLS-C01 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Data Engineering — This question tests Data Engineering — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Amazon Kinesis Data Streams with AWS Lambda — Option B is correct because Amazon Kinesis Data Streams can ingest high-throughput streaming data and retain it for up to 365 days, allowing reprocessing. AWS Lambda can be used to transform and load the data into S3. Option A is wrong because Amazon SQS is not optimized for streaming ingestion and lacks replay capability. Option C is wrong because Amazon Glue is a batch ETL service, not for streaming. Option D is wrong because Amazon DynamoDB Streams are tied to DynamoDB table changes, not direct IoT ingestion.
What should I do if I get this MLS-C01 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related MLS-C01 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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Question Discussion
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