- A
Enable CloudTrail log file validation and create a CloudWatch alarm on the DigestDeliveryFailed metric
Log file validation detects tampering; DigestDeliveryFailed metric triggers alarm.
- B
Create a Lambda function that checks the integrity of logs and publishes to SNS
Why wrong: This is overly complex; CloudTrail offers built-in validation.
- C
Configure CloudTrail to deliver logs to the S3 bucket and enable SNS notifications for all events
Why wrong: CloudTrail cannot send notifications directly to SNS.
- D
Send CloudTrail logs to CloudWatch Logs and create a metric filter for validation errors
Why wrong: CloudTrail logs can go to CloudWatch Logs, but log file validation is a separate feature.
Question 624 of 1,750
CloudTrail Log File Validation Alert
This DOP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of monitoring and logging. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A company uses AWS CloudTrail to log API activity across multiple accounts. The security team needs to ensure that all CloudTrail logs are delivered to a centralized S3 bucket in the audit account, and that any log file validation failures trigger an immediate notification. What should the engineer do to meet this requirement?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Enable CloudTrail log file validation and create a CloudWatch alarm on the DigestDeliveryFailed metric
Option A is correct because enabling CloudTrail log file validation triggers the generation of digest files that contain hash values for verifying log file integrity. CloudTrail also emits the DigestDeliveryFailed metric to CloudWatch when a digest file delivery fails. Creating a CloudWatch alarm on this metric allows you to send immediate notifications via SNS when a validation failure occurs. Option B (Lambda function) is unnecessary because CloudTrail already provides the necessary metrics for this alerting. Option C (SNS notifications for all events) would generate excessive notifications and does not directly address log file validation failures. Option D (CloudWatch Logs and metric filter) is not the standard approach; CloudTrail directly emits the DigestDeliveryFailed metric, which is simpler and more reliable.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Enable CloudTrail log file validation and create a CloudWatch alarm on the DigestDeliveryFailed metric
Why this is correct
Log file validation detects tampering; DigestDeliveryFailed metric triggers alarm.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Create a Lambda function that checks the integrity of logs and publishes to SNS
Why it's wrong here
This is overly complex; CloudTrail offers built-in validation.
- ✗
Configure CloudTrail to deliver logs to the S3 bucket and enable SNS notifications for all events
Why it's wrong here
CloudTrail cannot send notifications directly to SNS.
- ✗
Send CloudTrail logs to CloudWatch Logs and create a metric filter for validation errors
Why it's wrong here
CloudTrail logs can go to CloudWatch Logs, but log file validation is a separate feature.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
Many certification questions include familiar terms but test a specific constraint. Read the exact wording before choosing an answer that is generally true but wrong for this case.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This question should be treated as a scenario, not a definition check. Identify the problem, the constraint and the best action. Then compare each option against those facts.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
- Use explanations to understand the rule behind the answer.
TExam Day Tips
- Underline the problem statement mentally.
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A media company stores terabytes of video archives that are accessed once a year for audit purposes. Moving these objects to a cold storage tier (Azure Archive, S3 Glacier, or Google Nearline) costs a fraction of hot storage. Questions like this test whether you understand storage tiers, access frequency tradeoffs, and retrieval latency requirements.
Quick reference
AWS S3 Storage Class Comparison
| Storage Class | Min Duration | Retrieval | Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| S3 Standard | None | Immediate | Frequently accessed data |
| S3 Standard-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Infrequent access, rapid retrieval |
| S3 One Zone-IA | 30 days | Immediate | Non-critical infrequent data |
| S3 Intelligent-Tiering | None | Immediate–hours | Unknown or changing access patterns |
| S3 Glacier Instant | 90 days | Milliseconds | Archive with instant retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Flexible | 90 days | Minutes–hours | Archive, flexible retrieval |
| S3 Glacier Deep Archive | 180 days | Hours | Long-term compliance archive |
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Identify which DOP-C02 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
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Monitoring and Logging — study guide chapter
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this DOP-C02 question test?
Monitoring and Logging — This question tests Monitoring and Logging — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Enable CloudTrail log file validation and create a CloudWatch alarm on the DigestDeliveryFailed metric — Option A is correct because enabling CloudTrail log file validation triggers the generation of digest files that contain hash values for verifying log file integrity. CloudTrail also emits the DigestDeliveryFailed metric to CloudWatch when a digest file delivery fails. Creating a CloudWatch alarm on this metric allows you to send immediate notifications via SNS when a validation failure occurs. Option B (Lambda function) is unnecessary because CloudTrail already provides the necessary metrics for this alerting. Option C (SNS notifications for all events) would generate excessive notifications and does not directly address log file validation failures. Option D (CloudWatch Logs and metric filter) is not the standard approach; CloudTrail directly emits the DigestDeliveryFailed metric, which is simpler and more reliable.
What should I do if I get this DOP-C02 question wrong?
Identify which DOP-C02 exam domain this question belongs to, then review the specific concept being tested. Practise related questions in that domain and focus on understanding why each wrong answer is tempting — not just why the correct answer is right.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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