DOP-C02 Incident and Event Response Practice Question
This DOP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of incident and event response. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A Lambda function has the above IAM policy attached. The function is failing to write logs to CloudWatch Logs. What is the most likely reason?
Clue words in this question
Noticing these words before you look at the options changes how you read each choice.
Clue: "most likely"
Why it matters: Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
The log group ARN in the resource does not match the Lambda function's log group.
Option B is correct because the Resource ARN in the policy specifies a specific log group name pattern, but if the function is configured to write to a different log group (e.g., /aws/lambda/other-function), access will be denied. Option A is wrong because the actions are correct for writing logs. Option C is wrong because the ec2:DescribeInstances permission is irrelevant to logging. Option D is wrong because there is no encryption key specified in the policy.
Key principle: NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
✗
The policy does not include the 'logs:PutLogEvents' action.
Why it's wrong here
The policy includes 'logs:PutLogEvents'.
✗
The policy does not allow 'ec2:DescribeInstances' on a specific resource.
Why it's wrong here
The ec2 action is allowed on all resources and is unrelated to CloudWatch Logs.
✓
The log group ARN in the resource does not match the Lambda function's log group.
Why this is correct
The resource ARN restricts access to a specific log group; if the function uses a different log group, it fails.
Clue confirmation
The clue word "most likely" in the question point toward this answer.
Related concept
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
✗
The Lambda function does not have permission to use the KMS key for log encryption.
Why it's wrong here
There is no KMS key specified in the policy; this is not the issue.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: NAT rules depend on direction and matching traffic
NAT is not only about the public address. The inside/outside interface roles and the ACL or rule that matches traffic are just as important.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
NAT questions usually test address translation, overload/PAT behaviour, static mappings and whether the right traffic is being translated. Read the interface direction and address terms carefully.
KKey Concepts to Remember
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
PAT allows many inside hosts to share one public address using ports.
Inside local and inside global describe the private and translated addresses.
NAT ACLs identify traffic for translation, not always security filtering.
TExam Day Tips
→Identify inside and outside interfaces first.
→Check whether the scenario needs static NAT, dynamic NAT or PAT.
→Do not confuse NAT matching ACLs with normal packet-filtering intent.
Key takeaway
NAT direction and interface roles matter as much as the IP address mapping. Inside/outside designation controls which traffic is translated.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related DOP-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Incident and Event Response — This question tests Incident and Event Response — Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: The log group ARN in the resource does not match the Lambda function's log group. — Option B is correct because the Resource ARN in the policy specifies a specific log group name pattern, but if the function is configured to write to a different log group (e.g., /aws/lambda/other-function), access will be denied. Option A is wrong because the actions are correct for writing logs. Option C is wrong because the ec2:DescribeInstances permission is irrelevant to logging. Option D is wrong because there is no encryption key specified in the policy.
What should I do if I get this DOP-C02 question wrong?
Review the four NAT address types (inside local, inside global, outside local, outside global), PAT port overload, and static vs dynamic NAT use cases. Then practise related DOP-C02 NAT questions on configuration and troubleshooting.
Are there clue words in this question I should notice?
Yes — watch for: "most likely". Probability qualifier — the question wants the most probable cause or outcome, not a guaranteed one. Eliminate low-probability options.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Static NAT maps one inside address to one outside address.
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