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Incident and Event Response →easyMultiple ChoiceObjective-mapped

DOP-C02 Incident and Event Response Practice Question

This DOP-C02 practice question tests your understanding of incident and event response. Match the stated requirement to the specific cloud service, access model, or configuration option — many options are valid in isolation but not for this scenario. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

# CloudTrail log entry (JSON)
{
  "eventVersion": "1.08",
  "userIdentity": {
    "type": "IAMUser",
    "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/admin",
    "accountId": "123456789012"
  },
  "eventTime": "2024-02-15T10:00:00Z",
  "eventSource": "ec2.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.5",
  "requestParameters": {
    "groupId": "sg-12345678",
    "ipPermissions": {
      "items": [
        {
          "ipProtocol": "tcp",
          "fromPort": 22,
          "toPort": 22,
          "ipRanges": {
            "items": [
              {
                "cidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

A security engineer reviews the CloudTrail log entry above and notices that a security group was modified to allow SSH access from anywhere. The engineer wants to ensure that such changes are automatically detected and remediated in the future. What should the engineer do?

Question 1easymultiple choice

Full question →

Exhibit

Refer to the exhibit.

# CloudTrail log entry (JSON)
{
  "eventVersion": "1.08",
  "userIdentity": {
    "type": "IAMUser",
    "arn": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/admin",
    "accountId": "123456789012"
  },
  "eventTime": "2024-02-15T10:00:00Z",
  "eventSource": "ec2.amazonaws.com",
  "eventName": "AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress",
  "awsRegion": "us-east-1",
  "sourceIPAddress": "203.0.113.5",
  "requestParameters": {
    "groupId": "sg-12345678",
    "ipPermissions": {
      "items": [
        {
          "ipProtocol": "tcp",
          "fromPort": 22,
          "toPort": 22,
          "ipRanges": {
            "items": [
              {
                "cidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0"
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

A
Configure CloudTrail to send logs to CloudWatch Logs and create a metric filter that alerts on AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress events with 0.0.0.0/0.
Why wrong: This would alert but not automatically remediate.
B
Create an IAM policy that denies the ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress action if the source IP is 0.0.0.0/0.
Why wrong: IAM policies cannot check the IP range in the request; they are static.
C
Create an AWS Config rule that checks security group rules and triggers an AWS Systems Manager Automation document to revoke the ingress rule.
Config can evaluate and remediate security group rules.
D
Enable Amazon GuardDuty to detect and block such changes in real time.
Why wrong: GuardDuty detects threats, not configuration changes.

Full breakdown with real-world context →

Answer choices

Why each option matters

Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.

Correct answer & explanation

✓

Create an AWS Config rule that checks security group rules and triggers an AWS Systems Manager Automation document to revoke the ingress rule.

Option C is correct because AWS Config can continuously evaluate security group rules against a custom or managed rule (e.g., restricted-ssh) and, upon detecting a noncompliant rule allowing 0.0.0.0/0 on port 22, trigger an AWS Systems Manager Automation document that automatically revokes the offending ingress rule. This provides both detection and remediation without manual intervention, meeting the requirement for automated detection and remediation.

Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Answer analysis

Option-by-option breakdown

For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.

✗
Configure CloudTrail to send logs to CloudWatch Logs and create a metric filter that alerts on AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress events with 0.0.0.0/0.
Why it's wrong here
This would alert but not automatically remediate.
✗
Create an IAM policy that denies the ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress action if the source IP is 0.0.0.0/0.
Why it's wrong here
IAM policies cannot check the IP range in the request; they are static.
✓
Create an AWS Config rule that checks security group rules and triggers an AWS Systems Manager Automation document to revoke the ingress rule.
Why this is correct
Config can evaluate and remediate security group rules.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
✗
Enable Amazon GuardDuty to detect and block such changes in real time.
Why it's wrong here
GuardDuty detects threats, not configuration changes.

Common exam traps

Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword

The trap here is that candidates often confuse detection-only services (like CloudWatch alarms or GuardDuty) with services that can also perform automated remediation (like AWS Config with Systems Manager Automation), leading them to choose options that only alert but do not fix the issue.

Detailed technical explanation

How to think about this question

Under the hood, AWS Config uses a managed rule called 'restricted-ssh' that checks whether any security group allows inbound SSH traffic from 0.0.0.0/0. When a noncompliant rule is detected, Config can invoke a Systems Manager Automation document via an Amazon EventBridge rule, which runs a custom script (e.g., using the AWS CLI revoke-security-group-ingress command) to remove the offending rule. A subtle behavior is that the Automation document must have the appropriate IAM permissions to modify security groups, and the remediation can be set to auto-remediate or require manual approval.

KKey Concepts to Remember

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.

TExam Day Tips

Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.

Key takeaway

Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.

Real-world example

How this comes up in practice

A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.

What to study next

Got this wrong? Here's your next step.

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

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FAQ

Questions learners often ask

What does this DOP-C02 question test?

Incident and Event Response — This question tests Incident and Event Response — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..

What is the correct answer to this question?

The correct answer is: Create an AWS Config rule that checks security group rules and triggers an AWS Systems Manager Automation document to revoke the ingress rule. — Option C is correct because AWS Config can continuously evaluate security group rules against a custom or managed rule (e.g., restricted-ssh) and, upon detecting a noncompliant rule allowing 0.0.0.0/0 on port 22, trigger an AWS Systems Manager Automation document that automatically revokes the offending ingress rule. This provides both detection and remediation without manual intervention, meeting the requirement for automated detection and remediation.

What should I do if I get this DOP-C02 question wrong?

Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.

What is the key concept behind this question?

Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.

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Last reviewed: Jun 11, 2026

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