- A
Use Enhanced Fan-Out to reduce contention.
Reduces read throttling.
- B
Decrease the record size by compressing the data.
Why wrong: Reduces volume but not directly addressing lag.
- C
Reduce the number of shards in the stream.
Why wrong: Reducing shards would increase load per shard.
- D
Increase the number of KCL workers processing the shard.
More workers can process records faster.
- E
Split the hot shard into multiple shards using resharding.
Distributes load across more shards.
Question 1,368 of 1,616
Kinesis Shard Lag Solutions
This DVA-C02 practice question tests your understanding of development with aws services. Read the scenario carefully and evaluate each option against the stated constraints before committing to an answer. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A developer is using Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to ingest real-time events. The application uses the Kinesis Client Library (KCL) to process records. The developer notices that one shard is falling behind while others are processing fine. Which THREE actions can help improve processing of the lagging shard? (Choose THREE.)
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
✓
Use Enhanced Fan-Out to reduce contention.
Option A is correct because Enhanced Fan-Out (EFO) provides dedicated throughput of up to 2 MB/s per shard per consumer, eliminating contention between consumers on the same shard. This reduces latency and helps a lagging shard catch up by ensuring the KCL worker gets consistent read capacity without interference from other consumers.
Key principle: Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✓
Use Enhanced Fan-Out to reduce contention.
Why this is correct
Reduces read throttling.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✗
Decrease the record size by compressing the data.
Why it's wrong here
Reduces volume but not directly addressing lag.
- ✗
Reduce the number of shards in the stream.
Why it's wrong here
Reducing shards would increase load per shard.
- ✓
Increase the number of KCL workers processing the shard.
Why this is correct
More workers can process records faster.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- ✓
Split the hot shard into multiple shards using resharding.
Why this is correct
Distributes load across more shards.
Related concept
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: answer the scenario, not the keyword
The trap here is that candidates mistakenly think reducing record size or shard count will fix a hot shard, when in reality the correct solutions involve increasing parallelism (more workers or shards) or reducing consumer contention (Enhanced Fan-Out).
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
KCL workers use a lease-based model where each shard is processed by exactly one worker at a time; a lagging shard indicates that the worker's processing rate is slower than the write rate. Resharding (splitting the hot shard) distributes the hash key range into smaller partitions, allowing multiple workers to process the data in parallel. Enhanced Fan-Out uses HTTP/2 push subscriptions to deliver records directly to consumers, bypassing the 2 MB/s shared throughput limit of the standard poll-based model.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
- Find the constraint that changes the correct option.
- Eliminate answers that are true in general but not in this case.
TExam Day Tips
- Watch for words such as best, first, most likely and least administrative effort.
- Review why wrong options are wrong, not only why the correct option is correct.
Key takeaway
Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A cloud solutions architect for a retail company is evaluating services for a new workload. The correct answer here reflects best practice for the specific scenario described — not a general cloud recommendation. Answer the scenario, not the keyword: identify the specific constraint before choosing the most familiar-sounding option. Cloud exam questions reward reading the constraint carefully: the same technology can be right or wrong depending on the use case.
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this DVA-C02 question test?
Development with AWS Services — This question tests Development with AWS Services — Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Use Enhanced Fan-Out to reduce contention. — Option A is correct because Enhanced Fan-Out (EFO) provides dedicated throughput of up to 2 MB/s per shard per consumer, eliminating contention between consumers on the same shard. This reduces latency and helps a lagging shard catch up by ensuring the KCL worker gets consistent read capacity without interference from other consumers.
What should I do if I get this DVA-C02 question wrong?
Identify which exam domain this question belongs to, review the core concept, then practise similar questions from the same domain.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Read the scenario before looking for a memorised answer.
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Last reviewed: Jul 4, 2026
This DVA-C02 practice question is part of Courseiva's free Amazon Web Services certification practice question bank. Courseiva provides original exam-style practice questions with explanations, topic-based practice, mock exams, readiness tracking, and study analytics to help learners prepare for the DVA-C02 exam.
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