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CCNA Deployment Migration Questions

75 of 353 questions · Page 4/5 · Deployment Migration topic · Answers revealed

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226
Multi-Selecthard

A company is deploying a new application using Amazon DynamoDB. They need to ensure data durability and availability. Which THREE steps should they take? (Choose three.)

Select 3 answers
A.Configure Auto Scaling for read and write capacity
B.Enable DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)
C.Encrypt data at rest using AWS KMS
D.Enable point-in-time recovery (PITR)
E.Use DynamoDB Global Tables
AnswersA, D, E

Ensures availability under load.

Why this answer

Option A (DAX) improves performance, not durability. Option B (Point-in-time recovery) provides durability. Option C (Auto Scaling) ensures availability.

Option D (Global Tables) provides multi-region durability and availability. Option E (Encryption) is for security.

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227
MCQhard

A company is planning to migrate a 3 TB PostgreSQL database from an on-premises data center to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The migration must have near-zero downtime. The on-premises database is using a custom pg_hba.conf that restricts access to specific IP ranges. Which combination of steps will meet the requirements?

A.Create an Aurora Replica of the on-premises database using cross-Region replication.
B.Use pg_dump and pg_restore to export and import the database during a maintenance window.
C.Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication to an Aurora DB cluster. Configure the source endpoint with the appropriate connection settings.
D.Use AWS SCT to convert the schema and then perform a full data load using AWS DMS.
AnswerC

DMS supports ongoing replication, and the source endpoint can be configured to connect to the on-premises database.

Why this answer

Using AWS DMS with ongoing replication from an on-premises source to Aurora is the standard approach for near-zero downtime migrations. The other options either require downtime or are not feasible (e.g., Aurora standby cluster cannot be created from on-premises).

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228
MCQhard

A company is migrating a 1 TB SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. They use AWS DMS with full load and ongoing replication. After the full load completes, they observe that the ongoing replication is falling behind and the target database is not consistent. The source database has high transaction volume. What is the most effective way to improve replication performance?

A.Disable CloudWatch logging for the DMS replication instance.
B.Configure multiple parallel load tasks for ongoing replication.
C.Enable batch apply mode in the DMS task.
D.Increase the size of the DMS replication instance (e.g., from dms.c5.xlarge to dms.c5.2xlarge).
AnswerD

A larger instance provides more resources to process transactions faster.

Why this answer

Option D is correct because increasing the replication instance size provides more CPU and memory, which can handle higher volumes of changes. Option A is wrong because parallel load tasks apply to full load, not ongoing replication. Option B is wrong because batch apply can help but may not be sufficient if the instance is underpowered.

Option C is wrong because disabling logging reduces fault tolerance but does not improve replication speed.

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229
MCQeasy

A company wants to migrate an on-premises MySQL database to Amazon RDS for MySQL with minimal downtime. They plan to use AWS DMS. Which source database configuration is required to enable ongoing replication (CDC)?

A.Enable binary logging (binlog) on the source database
B.Set auto_increment_increment to 1
C.Enable the slow query log
D.Enable the query cache
AnswerA

Binlog captures changes for CDC.

Why this answer

AWS DMS requires binary logging (binlog) enabled on the source MySQL database to capture ongoing changes for continuous replication (CDC). The binlog records all data modifications (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) in a sequential log, which DMS reads to apply those changes to the target RDS instance with minimal downtime. Without binlog enabled, DMS can only perform a full load migration and cannot support ongoing replication.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates may confuse MySQL's binary log with other logs (slow query log, query cache) or assume that auto-increment settings are required for replication, when in fact only binlog enables the change stream DMS needs for CDC.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option B is wrong because setting auto_increment_increment to 1 is the default behavior and does not enable CDC; it controls the step size for auto-increment columns, not replication logging. Option C is wrong because the slow query log captures queries that exceed a defined execution time threshold, which is used for performance tuning and has no role in CDC replication. Option D is wrong because the query cache is a deprecated MySQL feature that caches SELECT results for performance; it does not provide the change data capture stream that DMS requires.

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230
Multi-Selecthard

A company is migrating a 5 TB Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle. The migration must have minimal downtime and support a cutover window of less than 30 minutes. The company is using AWS DMS with ongoing CDC. Which THREE steps should be taken to minimize cutover time? (Choose three.)

Select 3 answers
A.Configure AWS DMS to use ongoing replication and set the target to apply changes until the source is caught up.
B.Pause application writes to the source database and allow CDC to catch up.
C.Validate that the target database is consistent with the source using AWS DMS data validation.
D.Take a full backup of the source database and restore it to the target before cutover.
E.Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert remaining schema objects before cutover.
AnswersA, B, C

Ongoing replication with CDC catches up the target.

Why this answer

Options A, C, and D are correct. Validating data before cutover ensures consistency. Pausing application writes and draining transactions reduces CDC lag.

Catching up CDC replication ensures the target is current. Option B is wrong because taking a full backup before cutover is not necessary with CDC. Option E is wrong because AWS SCT is for schema conversion, not for cutover.

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231
MCQmedium

A company is deploying a new web application that uses Amazon RDS for MySQL. To improve read performance, they add a read replica. However, the application reports stale data. What is the most likely cause?

A.The application is using a connection pool that caches connections to the primary.
B.The read replica is in a different AWS Region.
C.The replication is asynchronous and there is replication lag.
D.The application is reading from the replica before the write is committed on the primary.
AnswerC

Asynchronous replication causes eventual consistency.

Why this answer

Amazon RDS for MySQL uses asynchronous replication for read replicas. The primary instance commits writes and then sends the binary log (binlog) events to the replica, which applies them. This asynchronous nature introduces replication lag, meaning the replica may not have the most recent writes.

If the application reads from the replica before the lag is resolved, it will see stale (older) data.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates often confuse asynchronous replication with synchronous replication, assuming the replica always has the latest data, or they incorrectly attribute the issue to geographic distance or connection pooling rather than the fundamental replication lag inherent in MySQL's async model.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because a connection pool that caches connections to the primary would not cause stale data on a read replica; it would simply direct reads to the primary, which always has the latest data. Option B is wrong because a read replica in a different AWS Region can introduce additional latency but does not inherently cause stale data; replication lag is the primary cause, and cross-region replicas still replicate asynchronously. Option D is wrong because the application cannot read from the replica before the write is committed on the primary; the write must be committed on the primary before it is even sent to the replica, so the issue is the time it takes for the replica to apply the committed change, not the commit order.

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232
MCQmedium

A company is deploying a multi-AZ Aurora MySQL database. They need to ensure that failover happens automatically with minimal data loss. Which configuration should be used?

A.Deploy an Aurora Global Database with a primary in one region and a secondary in another region.
B.Use a Multi-AZ RDS for MySQL deployment.
C.Create an Aurora cluster with one primary and two readers in different Availability Zones.
D.Configure a single-AZ Aurora instance and enable cross-Region replication.
AnswerC

Aurora automatically fails over to a reader with minimal data loss.

Why this answer

Option C is correct because an Aurora cluster with one primary and two readers in different Availability Zones provides automatic failover with minimal data loss. Aurora uses a shared cluster volume that is replicated six ways across three AZs, ensuring that during a failover, the promoted reader has access to all committed transactions with no data loss. This configuration meets the requirement for multi-AZ high availability and automatic failover within a single region.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates often confuse Multi-AZ RDS for MySQL with Aurora's multi-AZ architecture, not realizing that Aurora's distributed storage and reader promotion provide superior automatic failover with minimal data loss compared to traditional RDS Multi-AZ.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because an Aurora Global Database is designed for cross-region disaster recovery, not for automatic failover within a single region; it introduces replication lag of up to 1 second, which can result in data loss during a failover. Option B is wrong because Multi-AZ RDS for MySQL uses synchronous replication to a standby instance, but it is not Aurora and does not leverage Aurora's distributed storage engine, which provides faster failover and better durability. Option D is wrong because a single-AZ Aurora instance with cross-Region replication does not provide automatic failover within the same region; it only replicates asynchronously to another region, and a failure in the primary AZ would cause downtime until manual intervention.

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233
MCQhard

A company is using an Amazon RDS for SQL Server database with Multi-AZ deployment. They need to migrate to Amazon RDS for SQL Server in a different AWS region. The database is 1 TB and cannot tolerate more than 15 minutes of downtime. Which strategy minimizes downtime?

A.Create a cross-region read replica in the target region and promote it to a standalone instance.
B.Take a snapshot of the source RDS instance and restore it in the target region. Then update the application connection string.
C.Set up cross-region replication using native SQL Server log shipping or DMS with ongoing replication, then perform a DNS cutover to the target instance.
D.Use AWS DMS to perform a full load to a new RDS instance in the target region. During the final sync, stop the source and resume from the target.
AnswerC

This approach keeps the target synchronized and allows a quick cutover with minimal downtime.

Why this answer

Option D is correct because setting up cross-region replication (using native SQL Server log shipping or DMS) allows continuous data sync and a quick DNS cutover. Option A is wrong because a snapshot restore takes time and does not provide ongoing sync. Option B is wrong because creating a read replica across regions is not supported for SQL Server.

Option C is wrong because a new instance would require full data load.

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234
MCQmedium

A company is deploying a MySQL RDS instance using this CloudFormation template. After deployment, they notice that the database is not automatically backed up at the scheduled time. What is the most likely cause?

A.The storage type gp2 does not support automated backups.
B.The PreferredBackupWindow is not defined, so backups are disabled.
C.MultiAZ is enabled, which disables automated backups.
D.The BackupRetentionPeriod must be greater than 0 to enable automated backups; however, it is set to 7, so this is not the issue. The actual cause might be that the DB instance is using a storage engine not supported for backups (e.g., MyISAM).
AnswerD

RDS automated backups require InnoDB; MyISAM tables cause backup failure.

Why this answer

Option C is correct because to enable automated backups, the BackupRetentionPeriod must be greater than 0. In the snippet, it is set to 7, so backups should be enabled. However, automated backups are only supported for InnoDB storage engine; if the instance uses MyISAM, backups may fail.

But the question asks for most likely cause; another common issue is that the backup window is too short or conflicts with maintenance, but the snippet shows valid windows. Option A is wrong because MultiAZ does not affect backups. Option B is wrong because storage type gp2 supports backups.

Option D is wrong because the backup window is defined.

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235
MCQhard

A company is migrating a 5 TB MySQL database to Amazon Aurora MySQL. The migration must have zero downtime and the source database is continuously written to. The team plans to use AWS DMS with ongoing replication. However, they notice that the target Aurora instance is not receiving all changes from the source. Which configuration change is most likely required to resolve this?

A.Create an Amazon RDS read replica of the source database and use it as the source endpoint.
B.Set the target table preparation mode to 'Do nothing' in the DMS task.
C.Enable binary logging (binlog) on the source MySQL database with row-based logging.
D.Configure a VPC endpoint for the DMS replication instance.
AnswerC

DMS needs binlogs for ongoing replication; if not enabled, it cannot capture changes.

Why this answer

Option D is correct because AWS DMS uses binary logs (binlogs) for ongoing replication from MySQL. If binlogs are not enabled or retained properly, DMS cannot capture changes. Option A is wrong because DMS does not require a VPC endpoint; it uses a replication instance in a VPC.

Option B is wrong because DMS requires a target database, but not necessarily a read replica. Option C is wrong because DMS replication tasks have a target table preparation mode, but the issue is about capturing changes, not applying them.

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236
MCQhard

Refer to the exhibit. A company's production RDS MySQL instance 'mydb' is configured as shown. The application experiences write latency spikes during peak hours. Which action would most effectively reduce write latency?

A.Change the storage type to Provisioned IOPS (io1) and allocate sufficient IOPS.
B.Create a Read Replica in a different region.
C.Increase the allocated storage to 1 TB to improve baseline IOPS.
D.Enable Multi-AZ deployment to provide a standby instance.
AnswerA

Provisioned IOPS provides consistent, low-latency write performance.

Why this answer

The instance is single-AZ, so enabling Multi-AZ provides a standby in another AZ, but does not directly reduce write latency. Upgrading to storage optimized instances (db.r5d) is not necessarily. Enabling Multi-AZ with synchronous standby can increase write latency due to sync replication.

Actually, Multi-AZ does not improve write performance; it adds sync replication overhead. However, the correct answer here is to enable Multi-AZ to improve availability and potentially reduce latency by offloading reads? No, write latency spikes are typically due to storage I/O. The instance uses gp2, which has baseline IOPS of 1500 for 500 GB.

Provisioned IOPS (io1) would improve consistent write performance. Option D (increase allocated storage) increases baseline IOPS but not as effective as provisioned IOPS. Option A (Multi-AZ) might increase latency.

Option B (read replica) helps reads. Option C (provisioned IOPS) directly improves write performance.

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237
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating an on-premises PostgreSQL database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. Which TWO AWS services can be used to assess the source database for compatibility and migration readiness?

Select 2 answers
A.Amazon Kinesis
B.AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT)
C.AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)
D.AWS Glue
E.Amazon CloudWatch
AnswersB, C

SCT assesses and converts schema.

Why this answer

AWS DMS can assess source database compatibility and perform data migration. AWS SCT can assess schema compatibility and convert the schema. Option C (CloudWatch) is for monitoring.

Option D (Kinesis) is for streaming. Option E (Glue) is for ETL.

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238
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating a 500 GB SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. The migration must minimize downtime and support ongoing replication. Which TWO AWS services should be used together?

Select 2 answers
A.AWS Lambda
B.AWS Snowball Edge
C.AWS RDS SQL Server native backup and restore
D.AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)
E.AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT)
AnswersD, E

DMS supports ongoing replication with change data capture.

Why this answer

Options A and D are correct. AWS DMS can perform ongoing replication, and AWS SCT can convert the schema and assess any incompatibilities. Option B is wrong because Snowball is for offline transfer, not minimal downtime.

Option C is wrong because RDS does not support native SQL Server replication as a target. Option E is wrong because Lambda is not needed for migration.

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239
Multi-Selectmedium

Which THREE factors should be considered when choosing between Amazon RDS and Amazon DynamoDB for a new application? (Choose THREE.)

Select 3 answers
A.The requirement for encryption at rest.
B.The need for multi-AZ high availability.
C.The query patterns and access methods required by the application.
D.The need for complex transactions and joins.
E.The expected scalability and throughput requirements.
AnswersC, D, E

RDS supports SQL queries, while DynamoDB is NoSQL with key-value and document queries.

Why this answer

Option C is correct because the choice between Amazon RDS (relational) and DynamoDB (NoSQL) hinges on the application's data access patterns. RDS supports complex SQL queries with joins, aggregations, and secondary indexes, while DynamoDB is optimized for key-value and document queries with predictable, low-latency access patterns. If the application requires flexible querying with ad-hoc filters, RDS is appropriate; if it needs high-throughput, single-key lookups or simple query patterns, DynamoDB is better suited.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates assume encryption at rest or multi-AZ HA are exclusive to one service, but both RDS and DynamoDB fully support these features, making them irrelevant for choosing between the two.

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240
MCQmedium

A company is migrating an on-premises Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle. The database has a large table with a BLOB column storing PDF files. Which migration approach minimizes downtime?

A.Use Oracle Data Pump to export the table and import into RDS.
B.Use Oracle RMAN to back up the database and restore to RDS.
C.Export the table without the BLOB column, then import the BLOBs separately.
D.Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with ongoing replication.
AnswerD

DMS can perform a full load and then continuously replicate changes to minimize downtime.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because AWS DMS can perform ongoing replication to keep the target in sync during the full load, minimizing downtime. Option A is wrong because exporting and importing BLOBs can be time-consuming and cause significant downtime. Option C is wrong because direct backup restore requires a compatible format and may not support ongoing replication.

Option D is wrong because disabling BLOB columns during migration is not practical for the application.

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241
MCQmedium

A company is deploying a new web application that requires a highly available MariaDB database. The application is read-heavy and needs to scale read traffic. Which deployment approach meets these requirements?

A.Deploy Amazon Aurora MySQL with a read replica.
B.Deploy a Multi-AZ RDS for MariaDB with one or more read replicas.
C.Deploy a Multi-AZ RDS for MariaDB instance.
D.Deploy a single-AZ RDS for MariaDB with a read replica.
AnswerB

Combines HA and read scaling.

Why this answer

Option C is correct because Multi-AZ provides HA and read replicas scale reads. Option A is wrong because Multi-AZ alone does not scale reads. Option B is wrong because read replicas alone do not provide HA.

Option D is wrong because Aurora is a different engine.

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242
MCQeasy

A developer is connecting to an RDS for MySQL instance. What is the endpoint address that should be used in the database connection string?

A.mydb
B.mydb.123456789012.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com
C.3306
D.Z1R2S3V4X5Y6Z7
AnswerB

This is the DNS endpoint address.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because the endpoint address is the DNS name shown in the output. Option A is wrong because the instance ID is not the endpoint. Option C is wrong because the port is not the address.

Option D is wrong because the HostedZoneId is not used as the endpoint.

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243
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a self-hosted MongoDB database to Amazon DocumentDB. They need to ensure that indexes are created after the data load to improve migration performance. Which migration strategy should they use?

A.Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert the schema and then load data with DMS.
B.Use AWS DMS with 'create indexes before data load' option enabled.
C.Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) with the 'lob' mode set to 'Don't include LOB columns' and create indexes after the full load.
D.Use mongodump and mongorestore with the --writeConcern option set to 0.
AnswerC

Deferring index creation speeds up data migration; DMS can handle data transfer.

Why this answer

Option A (Use AWS DMS with 'lob' mode disabled and create indexes after load) is correct because creating indexes after data load improves migration speed. Option B (Use native mongodump/mongorestore) does not defer index creation. Option C (Use DMS with 'create indexes before load') slows down migration.

Option D (Use SCT for schema conversion) is not necessary for MongoDB to DocumentDB.

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244
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a PostgreSQL database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. They have set up AWS DMS with change data capture (CDC). However, after the initial load, the CDC replication is experiencing high latency. What is the MOST likely cause?

A.The target Aurora instance has insufficient storage.
B.The DMS instance is using an older engine version.
C.The source database has large transactions that are not committed quickly.
D.The network bandwidth is too low.
AnswerC

Large uncommitted transactions delay CDC.

Why this answer

Large uncommitted transactions on the source database cause DMS CDC to buffer changes until the transaction commits, leading to high latency. DMS must wait for the commit record before applying changes to the target Aurora instance, and during this time, CDC replication stalls, accumulating a backlog of changes.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates often assume network or infrastructure issues (like bandwidth or storage) are the primary cause of CDC latency, overlooking the fundamental constraint that DMS must wait for transaction commits before applying changes.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because insufficient storage on the target Aurora instance would cause write failures or replication errors, not high latency in CDC replication. Option B is wrong because while older DMS engine versions may lack performance improvements, the most likely cause of CDC latency is source-side transaction behavior, not the DMS version. Option D is wrong because low network bandwidth would cause throughput issues or timeouts, but DMS CDC latency is primarily driven by transaction commit patterns on the source, not network speed.

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245
MCQeasy

A company is deploying a new web application that uses Amazon RDS for MySQL. To meet high availability requirements, the database must automatically failover to a standby in a different Availability Zone with minimal downtime. Which deployment configuration should be used?

A.Multi-AZ deployment with automatic failover
B.Single-AZ deployment with enhanced monitoring
C.Multi-AZ cluster deployment
D.Single-AZ deployment with a read replica
AnswerA

Multi-AZ provides a standby in a different AZ and automatic failover.

Why this answer

Option A is correct because a Multi-AZ deployment automatically creates a standby in a different AZ and handles failover. Option B is wrong because read replicas are for read scaling, not automatic failover. Option C is wrong because a single-AZ deployment does not provide automatic failover.

Option D is wrong because a cluster configuration exists for Aurora, not standard RDS for MySQL.

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246
MCQhard

A company is migrating a 2 TB Oracle database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL using AWS DMS. The migration is taking longer than expected, and the ongoing replication lag is increasing. Which action would MOST likely improve the migration speed?

A.Enable parallel load on the DMS task.
B.Decrease the DMS task's batch size and commit interval.
C.Increase the DMS replication instance size.
D.Disable the DMS task's logging to reduce overhead.
AnswerC

More resources improve replication performance.

Why this answer

Option D is correct because increasing the DMS instance size provides more CPU and memory, directly improving replication speed. Option A is wrong because parallel load is used for full load, not ongoing replication. Option B is wrong because reducing batch size may actually increase overhead.

Option C is wrong because disabling logging is not recommended and may cause data loss.

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247
MCQeasy

A company is migrating a 1 TB SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. They want to use the native backup and restore feature. What must they do first?

A.Upload the backup file to an Amazon S3 bucket.
B.Store the backup file on an EBS volume attached to the RDS instance.
C.Use FTP to transfer the backup file directly to the RDS instance.
D.Use the AWS Management Console to upload the backup file to the RDS instance.
AnswerA

Native restore in RDS SQL Server requires the backup file to be in S3.

Why this answer

Option A is correct because native backup/restore to RDS requires storing backups in an S3 bucket. Option B is wrong because RDS does not support direct FTP. Option C is wrong because the backup file must be in S3, not uploaded to RDS directly.

Option D is wrong because the backup file should be in S3, not stored on the RDS instance.

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248
MCQmedium

Refer to the exhibit. An IAM policy is attached to a user who needs to deploy an RDS MySQL instance. After creating the instance, the user tries to modify it to enable deletion protection, but the action fails. What is the most likely reason?

A.The user does not have permission to describe instances.
B.The resource ARN is not specified in the policy.
C.The user does not have permission to enable deletion protection.
D.The user does not have permission to create the instance.
AnswerC

Missing ModifyDBInstance action.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because the policy does not include rds:ModifyDBInstance permission. Option A is wrong because deletion protection is a modification. Option C is wrong because the policy allows Create.

Option D is wrong because the user has Describe permission.

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249
Multi-Selecthard

A company is migrating an on-premises Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle. The migration uses AWS DMS with ongoing replication (CDC). Which TWO tasks must be completed before starting the migration?

Select 2 answers
A.Enable supplemental logging in the Oracle source database
B.Create an Oracle user with required privileges for DMS
C.Configure DMS to use only full load without CDC
D.Disable archive logging on the Oracle source
E.Enable binary logging on the Oracle source
AnswersA, B

Supplemental logging is required for DMS to capture changes.

Why this answer

Option A is correct because AWS DMS requires supplemental logging to be enabled on the Oracle source database for ongoing replication (CDC). Supplemental logging ensures that the redo logs contain sufficient information (e.g., primary key, unique key, or all column values) to reconstruct the changes for DMS to capture and apply to the target. Without it, DMS cannot generate the necessary log-based change data for CDC.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates may confuse Oracle's redo logging with MySQL's binary logging, leading them to incorrectly select 'Enable binary logging on the Oracle source' (Option E) instead of understanding that Oracle requires supplemental logging for CDC.

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250
Multi-Selectmedium

Which TWO options are valid methods to migrate an on-premises Microsoft SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server with minimal downtime? (Choose 2.)

Select 2 answers
A.Use AWS Snowball Edge
B.Use SQL Server Integration Services (SSIS)
C.Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication
D.Use native backup and restore to Amazon S3
E.Use AWS Direct Connect
AnswersC, D

DMS provides CDC for minimal downtime.

Why this answer

AWS DMS supports both full load and ongoing replication from SQL Server to RDS. Native backup/restore to S3 is also supported. Option C (ssis) is for ETL, not migration.

Option D (Direct Connect) is a network service, not a migration method. Option E (Snowball) is offline.

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251
MCQeasy

A company wants to migrate a 10 TB Microsoft SQL Server database from on-premises to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. The migration must be completed within a week and minimize network bandwidth usage. Which approach is most suitable?

A.Back up the database to Amazon S3 using AWS CLI
B.Set up AWS Direct Connect and use DMS
C.Use AWS DMS over the internet
D.Use AWS Snowball Edge to transfer backup files, then restore to RDS
AnswerD

Snowball Edge bypasses network bandwidth constraints.

Why this answer

AWS Snowball Edge is the most suitable approach because it allows you to transfer the 10 TB database backup files physically, bypassing the internet entirely. This eliminates network bandwidth constraints and ensures the migration can be completed within a week, as the data is shipped to AWS and then restored to Amazon RDS for SQL Server using native restore operations.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates often overlook the physical transfer option (Snowball) for large migrations, mistakenly assuming that AWS DMS or Direct Connect can handle multi-terabyte datasets within tight deadlines without considering provisioning times or bandwidth constraints.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because backing up directly to Amazon S3 using AWS CLI over the internet would consume significant bandwidth and likely exceed the one-week timeline for a 10 TB database, especially with limited on-premises upload speeds. Option B is wrong because setting up AWS Direct Connect requires weeks to months for provisioning and is not feasible for a one-week migration, plus it still relies on network bandwidth for the data transfer. Option C is wrong because using AWS DMS over the internet for a 10 TB database would be too slow due to bandwidth limitations and potential network congestion, making it impossible to complete within a week.

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252
Multi-Selecteasy

A company is migrating a 2 TB MongoDB database to Amazon DocumentDB. Which TWO factors should be considered when planning the migration?

Select 2 answers
A.DocumentDB stores backups in Amazon S3 automatically.
B.DocumentDB requires LDAP for authentication.
C.DocumentDB does not support encryption in transit.
D.Source MongoDB version compatibility with DocumentDB.
E.Network bandwidth and latency between source and target.
AnswersD, E

DocumentDB may not support all MongoDB versions.

Why this answer

DocumentDB does not support all MongoDB features (e.g., some index types), so compatibility check is needed. Network bandwidth impacts migration speed. Option C: DocumentDB supports TLS.

Option D: DocumentDB uses IAM for auth, not LDAP. Option E: DocumentDB uses its own backup, not S3.

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253
MCQeasy

A company is migrating a MySQL database from on-premises to Amazon RDS for MySQL. They want to use native MySQL replication to minimize downtime. Which configuration is required in the on-premises MySQL server?

A.Enable the slow query log
B.Enable binary logging with binlog_format = ROW
C.Enable the audit log
D.Enable the error log
AnswerB

Binary logging is required for MySQL replication.

Why this answer

Native MySQL replication requires binary logging on the source server to capture all changes. Setting binlog_format = ROW ensures that row-level changes are logged, which is the recommended format for cross-version replication and is required by Amazon RDS for MySQL to support replication from an external source. Without binary logging enabled, the on-premises MySQL server cannot act as a replication master.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates may confuse logging features (slow query log, audit log, error log) with the binary log, which is the only log that provides the change data stream required for native MySQL replication.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because enabling the slow query log is used for performance troubleshooting and does not provide the change data stream needed for replication. Option C is wrong because the audit log records user activity for security compliance and does not capture the binary log events required for replication. Option D is wrong because the error log records server errors and warnings, not the transactional changes needed to replicate data to RDS.

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254
MCQhard

A company is migrating a 10 TB Amazon RDS for MySQL database to Amazon Aurora MySQL. The migration must have minimal downtime and must support point-in-time recovery for the source during migration. Which approach meets these requirements?

A.Create a read replica of the source RDS instance, use AWS DMS with CDC from the read replica to Aurora, then promote Aurora.
B.Use mysqldump to export the database, import into Aurora, and point DNS to Aurora.
C.Use AWS DMS with CDC directly from the source RDS instance to Aurora.
D.Take a snapshot of the source RDS instance, restore to Aurora, and point DNS to Aurora.
AnswerA

Read replica minimizes source impact, CDC allows minimal downtime, PITR on source remains.

Why this answer

AWS DMS with ongoing CDC from a read replica of the source minimizes impact and allows PITR. Option A (snapshot restore) causes downtime. Option B (mysqldump) causes downtime.

Option D (DMS direct) may impact source performance.

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255
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a MySQL database to Amazon Aurora MySQL. The database has several stored procedures and triggers. During the migration, some stored procedures fail to execute. What is the most likely cause?

A.Aurora does not support stored procedures.
B.The stored procedures exceed the maximum size limit in Aurora.
C.The stored procedures use features that are not compatible with Aurora MySQL.
D.The stored procedures use MyISAM tables, which are not supported by Aurora.
AnswerC

Aurora MySQL has some differences; stored procedures may need modifications.

Why this answer

Aurora MySQL is designed to be compatible with MySQL 5.6, 5.7, and 8.0, but it does not support all MySQL features. Stored procedures that rely on deprecated or non-standard MySQL features, such as certain SQL modes, storage engine-specific syntax, or unsupported functions, will fail to execute after migration. This is the most common cause of stored procedure failures during a migration to Aurora MySQL.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates may assume Aurora MySQL is a drop-in replacement for all MySQL features, but the exam tests awareness of specific incompatibilities in stored procedures, triggers, and functions that are not supported or behave differently in Aurora.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because Aurora MySQL fully supports stored procedures, including triggers and functions, as part of its MySQL compatibility. Option B is wrong because Aurora MySQL does not impose a specific maximum size limit on stored procedures beyond the general MySQL limits (e.g., max_allowed_packet), which are typically not the cause of migration failures. Option D is wrong because while MyISAM tables are not supported by Aurora MySQL (which uses InnoDB only), the question specifically states that stored procedures are failing, not table operations; stored procedures themselves do not depend on MyISAM tables for execution.

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256
MCQhard

A company is migrating a 10 TB MongoDB database to Amazon DocumentDB. The migration must have minimal downtime. Which strategy should be used?

A.Use mongodump to export the database and mongorestore to import into DocumentDB.
B.Use AWS CloudEndure to replicate the MongoDB server to DocumentDB.
C.Copy the database files to Amazon S3 and restore to DocumentDB.
D.Use AWS DMS with MongoDB as source and DocumentDB as target, with change data capture.
AnswerD

AWS DMS supports MongoDB as a source and can perform continuous replication.

Why this answer

AWS DMS with MongoDB as source and DocumentDB as target, using change data capture (CDC), is the correct strategy because it enables a live migration with minimal downtime. DMS performs an initial full load of the 10 TB database and then continuously replicates ongoing changes from the MongoDB oplog, allowing you to cut over to DocumentDB with only a brief pause.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates may assume a simple dump-and-restore or file-copy approach is sufficient for large databases, overlooking the need for change data capture to achieve minimal downtime, or they may confuse CloudEndure's server replication capabilities with database-specific migration tools.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because mongodump/mongorestore is a logical backup and restore method that requires the source database to be quiesced or taken offline during the dump, causing significant downtime for a 10 TB database. Option B is wrong because AWS CloudEndure is designed for block-level replication of entire servers (e.g., physical or virtual machines) to EC2, not for replicating database schemas or data to DocumentDB, which is a managed document database service. Option C is wrong because copying raw MongoDB database files to Amazon S3 and restoring to DocumentDB is not supported; DocumentDB uses its own storage engine and does not accept raw file imports, and this method would also require taking the source offline to ensure file consistency.

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257
MCQhard

A company is migrating a 5 TB PostgreSQL database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The database has complex stored procedures and triggers. The migration must be completed within a 30-minute downtime window. Which approach would meet the requirement?

A.Use Database Migration Service (DMS) with validation only.
B.Use AWS DMS with full load and ongoing replication, then perform a cutover.
C.Use AWS SCT to convert the schema and then use pg_dump/pg_restore.
D.Set up an Aurora read replica from the source PostgreSQL.
AnswerB

Ongoing replication allows a fast cutover.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because AWS DMS with ongoing replication can keep the target in sync and then perform a cutover within minutes. Option A is wrong because AWS SCT is for schema conversion, not data migration. Option C is wrong because Aurora native replication only works from Aurora to Aurora.

Option D is wrong because pg_dump/pg_restore would take longer than 30 minutes for 5 TB.

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258
MCQeasy

An organization wants to migrate a 200 GB MySQL database from an on-premises server to Amazon Aurora MySQL. They have a 50 Mbps network connection. The database is 8 hours of downtime. The migration must be completed within 24 hours and costs must be minimized. The team decides to use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS). Which approach best meets the requirements?

A.Create a mysqldump and transfer it over the network to S3, then restore to Aurora.
B.Use AWS DMS with a full load and ongoing replication to minimize downtime.
C.Use AWS Snowball Edge to transfer the data physically.
D.Provision a large EC2 instance to run a parallel export and import.
AnswerB

DMS can handle full load and CDC within constraints.

Why this answer

Option B is correct: using a DMS full load with ongoing replication minimizes downtime and works within the network constraints. Option A is wrong because taking a dump over the network would take too long. Option C is wrong because using a larger instance is unnecessary and costly.

Option D is wrong because using Snowball is overkill for 200 GB.

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259
MCQhard

A company is migrating a 4 TB Oracle database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL using AWS DMS. The migration completes successfully but the application experiences high latency on the Aurora cluster. The DMS task used LOB mode 'full LOB mode'. What is the most likely cause of the latency?

A.The Aurora cluster was underprovisioned for parallel load
B.Full LOB mode caused large LOBs to be stored in the Aurora cluster, leading to increased I/O
C.The DMS task was configured with 'ongoing replication' causing continuous write load
D.The DMS task replicated data to a different region, causing network latency
AnswerB

Full LOB mode stores LOBs inline, which can cause write amplification and high latency.

Why this answer

Option A is correct because full LOB mode stores LOBs inline, increasing storage and I/O. Option B is wrong because CDC is not the cause. Option C is wrong because DMS does not use cross-region replication.

Option D is wrong because parallel load is not the issue.

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260
MCQmedium

A company is deploying a new DynamoDB table for a global application. The table must have low latency reads and writes across multiple AWS regions. Which configuration should be used?

A.Enable DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) in each region.
B.Use DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) with cross-region replication.
C.Use DynamoDB global tables with replicate streams.
D.Create a single table in the primary region and use Amazon CloudFront for reads.
AnswerC

Global tables automatically replicate data across regions for low latency access.

Why this answer

Option C is correct because DynamoDB global tables provide multi-region replication. Option A is wrong because DAX only caches in one region. Option B is wrong because a single table in one region does not provide global low latency.

Option D is wrong because DynamoDB Accelerator is for in-memory caching, not replication.

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261
MCQeasy

A company needs to deploy a globally distributed application with a database that supports multi-region writes and automatic conflict resolution. Which AWS database service should be used?

A.Amazon DynamoDB Global Tables
B.Amazon Aurora Global Database
C.Amazon RDS for MySQL with Multi-AZ
D.Amazon ElastiCache for Redis
AnswerA

DynamoDB Global Tables support multi-region active-active writes with conflict resolution.

Why this answer

Option D is correct because Amazon DynamoDB Global Tables supports multi-region writes and automatic conflict resolution. Option A is wrong because RDS for MySQL Multi-AZ is single-region. Option B is wrong because Aurora Global Database is for reads, not writes in multiple regions.

Option C is wrong because ElastiCache is a cache, not a primary database.

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262
MCQeasy

A company is deploying a new web application on Amazon RDS for MySQL and expects read-heavy traffic. The database must be highly available. Which deployment approach meets these requirements?

A.Deploy a Multi-AZ instance without read replicas.
B.Deploy a Multi-AZ instance and create read replicas.
C.Deploy a Single-AZ instance with a Multi-AZ read replica.
D.Deploy a Single-AZ instance and use ElastiCache for caching.
AnswerB

Multi-AZ for HA, read replicas for read scaling.

Why this answer

Option C is correct because Multi-AZ provides high availability and read replicas offload read traffic. Option A is wrong because it lacks read scaling. Option B is wrong because it lacks high availability.

Option D is wrong because Multi-AZ only provides high availability, not read scaling.

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263
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a 50 GB PostgreSQL database from on-premises to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The network bandwidth between on-premises and AWS is 50 Mbps. The migration must complete within 24 hours. What is the most efficient way to transfer the initial data?

A.Use AWS Snowball to physically transfer the database backup to AWS, then load into RDS.
B.Use AWS DMS to perform a full load directly over the internet.
C.Set up a VPN connection and use AWS DMS with ongoing replication.
D.Use pg_dump to export the database and upload to S3 via the internet, then restore into RDS.
AnswerA

Snowball can transfer large data quickly regardless of network bandwidth.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because sending a physical device (AWS Snowball) avoids network constraints and is faster for large data over limited bandwidth. Option A is wrong because it would take too long over 50 Mbps (50 GB ~ 2.2 hours under ideal conditions, but actual throughput may be lower and includes overhead). Option C is wrong because S3 is not a direct migration path for databases.

Option D is wrong because VPN does not increase bandwidth.

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264
MCQhard

A company is migrating a 5 TB SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. The migration must be completed within 48 hours with minimal downtime. The network bandwidth between on-premises and AWS is 500 Mbps. What is the MOST efficient migration strategy?

A.Use AWS Snowball to transfer the full database to an RDS instance, then use AWS DMS for ongoing replication
B.Upgrade network bandwidth to 10 Gbps using AWS Direct Connect
C.Use AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with ongoing replication
D.Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) to migrate the schema, then use bulk insert
AnswerA

Snowball transfers data offline, avoiding network bandwidth limitations, then DMS handles ongoing changes.

Why this answer

Given the bandwidth and time constraints, using AWS DMS with ongoing replication is the best approach for minimal downtime. However, the initial load may be slow. Using Snowball to transfer the full database and then using DMS for ongoing replication is more efficient, as it avoids the initial load over the network.

Direct Connect doesn't solve bandwidth limitation. SCT is for schema conversion.

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265
MCQeasy

A company is deploying a new RDS for MySQL database and needs to ensure that connections are encrypted using TLS. Which parameter should be configured?

A.Set the ssl_ca parameter to the RDS CA certificate.
B.Set the require_secure_transport parameter to ON.
C.Set the tls_version parameter to TLSv1.2.
D.Set the rds.force_ssl parameter to 1 in the DB parameter group.
AnswerD

rds.force_ssl=1 enforces that all connections use SSL/TLS.

Why this answer

Option D is correct because rds.force_ssl=1 enforces TLS connections. Option A is wrong because ssl_ca is a certificate authority, not an enforcement parameter. Option B is wrong because require_secure_transport is for MySQL, not RDS.

Option C is wrong because tls_version sets the TLS version, not enforce encryption.

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266
Multi-Selecteasy

A company is migrating an on-premises MySQL database to Amazon RDS for MySQL. Which TWO AWS services can assist in assessing the source database for compatibility issues?

Select 2 answers
A.AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)
B.AWS Trusted Advisor
C.Amazon CloudWatch
D.AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT)
E.Amazon Inspector
AnswersA, D

DMS can perform a validation to check data type compatibility.

Why this answer

AWS SCT can assess source schema for compatibility with RDS. AWS DMS can assess data types and conversion issues as part of its task validation. Trusted Advisor is for cost optimization, not database compatibility.

CloudWatch is for monitoring. Inspector is for security assessment.

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267
MCQhard

A company wants to migrate an on-premises MySQL database to Amazon RDS for MySQL. The database is 500 GB and experiences heavy write traffic. They need to minimize downtime and ensure no data loss. Which approach should they take?

A.Use AWS DMS with a full load task, then cut over the application to RDS.
B.Set up MySQL replication from the on-premises database to RDS, then promote the RDS instance when ready.
C.Create an RDS read replica of the on-premises database, then promote it to a standalone instance.
D.Use mysqldump to export the database and mysql command to import into RDS during a maintenance window.
AnswerB

Replication captures ongoing changes, minimizing downtime and ensuring data consistency.

Why this answer

Option D is correct because setting up MySQL replication from on-premises to RDS allows near-zero downtime migration. Option A is wrong because a dump and reload requires the source to be read-only. Option B is wrong because AWS DMS with full load only does not capture ongoing changes.

Option C is wrong because creating a read replica from on-premises is not supported; RDS read replicas are only for RDS instances.

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268
MCQhard

Refer to the exhibit. A database administrator runs the AWS CLI command and gets the following output: {"Engine":"mysql","DBInstanceStatus":"available","MultiAZ":true,"SecondaryAvailabilityZone":"us-east-1b"}. What can be concluded about the database deployment?

A.The database is a Single-AZ deployment.
B.The database has a Read Replica in a different Availability Zone.
C.The database is an Amazon Aurora cluster.
D.The database is a Multi-AZ deployment with a standby in a different Availability Zone.
AnswerD

MultiAZ true and SecondaryAZ present.

Why this answer

MultiAZ is true and a SecondaryAvailabilityZone is present, indicating a Multi-AZ deployment. Option C is correct. Option A (Single-AZ) is false because MultiAZ is true.

Option B (Read Replica) is not indicated; Read Replicas have a different field. Option D (Aurora) is not correct because Engine is mysql.

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269
MCQmedium

A company is deploying a new web application that uses Amazon RDS for MySQL. The application has unpredictable read traffic spikes. The company wants to minimize read latency and automatically scale read capacity. What is the MOST cost-effective solution?

A.Use Amazon ElastiCache as a caching layer
B.Use Amazon RDS Proxy to manage connections
C.Deploy the RDS instance in a Multi-AZ configuration
D.Create an Amazon RDS read replica and configure the application to use it for read traffic
AnswerD

Read replicas offload read traffic and can be scaled manually; they are cost-effective.

Why this answer

A Multi-AZ deployment provides high availability but does not offload reads. Read replicas offload read traffic and can be scaled manually or via auto-scaling with a custom solution. RDS Proxy is for connection management, not read scaling.

ElastiCache is a caching layer but requires application changes and adds cost. Read replicas are the most cost-effective for read scaling.

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270
MCQhard

Refer to the exhibit. A developer deploys this CloudFormation template. An application on the EC2 instance cannot connect to the RDS MySQL database. What is the MOST likely cause?

A.The EC2 security group allows inbound MySQL from 0.0.0.0/0 but the RDS security group only allows traffic from the VPC CIDR, which does not include the EC2 security group.
B.The RDS instance has encryption enabled, preventing access from EC2.
C.The RDS instance has DeletionProtection enabled, which blocks connections.
D.The EC2 instance is in a different Availability Zone than the RDS instance.
AnswerA

RDS SG should allow traffic from EC2 SG, not just VPC CIDR.

Why this answer

Option A is correct because the RDS security group (MyDBSecurityGroup) only allows inbound traffic from the VPC CIDR (10.0.0.0/16), but the EC2 security group (MyEC2SecurityGroup) does not allow traffic from the RDS security group. Additionally, the EC2 instance is in the same VPC but the security group rules do not reference the EC2 security group. Option B is wrong because the subnets are in the same VPC and there is no mention of different AZs being an issue.

Option C is wrong because there is no encryption configured. Option D is wrong because DeletionProtection does not affect connectivity.

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271
MCQeasy

Refer to the exhibit. A database specialist is taking a final snapshot of an RDS DB instance before deletion. The command returns the output shown. The snapshot is at 75% progress. What should the specialist do next?

A.Use the describe-db-snapshots command with --db-snapshot-identifier to get more details.
B.Use the stop-db-instance command to pause the snapshot.
C.Wait for the snapshot status to become 'available' before deleting the instance.
D.Delete the DB instance immediately; the snapshot will continue in the background.
AnswerC

Snapshot must be available before deletion to ensure completeness.

Why this answer

The snapshot is still creating. The specialist should wait for the snapshot to complete before deleting the instance. Option A (delete now) would cause snapshot to be incomplete.

Option B (describe-db-snapshots to check) is redundant. Option C (stop the snapshot) is not possible. Option D (wait and check) is correct.

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272
MCQhard

A company is deploying a new Amazon DynamoDB table with global tables for a multi-region application. The application requires strongly consistent reads in the primary region and eventual consistency in secondary regions. Which write strategy should they use?

A.Use conditional writes to ensure consistency
B.Use DynamoDB global tables with last writer wins (LWW) conflict resolution
C.Use DynamoDB Streams to replicate writes to secondary regions
D.Use DynamoDB transactions across regions
AnswerB

LWW provides eventual consistency across regions; strong read in primary region is supported.

Why this answer

DynamoDB global tables use last writer wins (LWW) for conflict resolution, which is eventually consistent. Strongly consistent reads are supported only in the region where the write occurred (primary region). Option B (conditional writes) does not change consistency.

Option C (transactions) are not global. Option D (DynamoDB Streams) does not affect consistency.

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273
MCQeasy

Refer to the exhibit. An IAM policy allows creation of a DMS replication task only if the source database engine is Oracle. A user attempts to create a replication task with a MySQL source. What will happen?

A.The action will fail with an error because the policy is malformed.
B.The action will succeed but the task will fail later.
C.The action will be allowed because the resource is '*'.
D.The action will be denied because the condition does not match.
AnswerD

Condition fails for MySQL.

Why this answer

The condition requires the database engine to be Oracle. Since MySQL does not match, the action is not allowed. Option B is correct.

Option A (Denied) would be correct but the explanation clarifies. Option C (Allowed) is incorrect. Option D (Error) is not correct.

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274
Multi-Selecthard

A company is migrating a 3 TB PostgreSQL database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The migration must have minimal downtime. Which THREE steps should be taken?

Select 3 answers
A.Disable autovacuum on the Aurora cluster to improve migration performance
B.Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication from the source PostgreSQL database
C.Use AWS Snowball Edge to transfer the data offline
D.Create an Aurora PostgreSQL read replica to offload read traffic during migration
E.Increase the instance class of the Aurora cluster to handle the migration load
AnswersB, D, E

DMS with CDC enables near-zero downtime migration.

Why this answer

Options A, C, and D are correct. Using DMS with CDC allows minimal downtime, Aurora supports read replicas for scaling, and adjusting instance class ensures performance. Option B is wrong because Snowball is for offline transfer.

Option E is wrong because disabling autovacuum is not recommended and can lead to bloat.

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275
MCQhard

A company is deploying a MongoDB-compatible database using Amazon DocumentDB. The application requires the ability to perform ad-hoc queries on nested fields within documents. Which DocumentDB feature should be enabled to meet this requirement?

A.TTL indexes
B.Indexes on nested fields
C.Transactions
D.Change streams
AnswerB

Indexes allow efficient ad-hoc queries on nested fields.

Why this answer

Amazon DocumentDB supports indexing on nested fields, which allows efficient querying of sub-documents and arrays within documents. By creating indexes on specific nested paths (e.g., "address.city"), the query engine can perform index scans instead of full collection scans, enabling fast ad-hoc queries on nested fields. This feature directly meets the requirement for ad-hoc queries on nested fields.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates may confuse indexing features with operational features like TTL or Change streams, assuming any advanced DocumentDB feature can support nested queries, when only explicit indexing on nested fields enables efficient ad-hoc querying on sub-documents.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because TTL indexes are used to automatically expire documents after a specified time period, not to enable querying on nested fields. Option C is wrong because Transactions provide atomic multi-document operations but do not improve query performance on nested fields. Option D is wrong because Change streams capture real-time data changes (inserts, updates, deletes) for event-driven applications, not for ad-hoc querying of nested fields.

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276
Multi-Selecteasy

A company is migrating an on-premises PostgreSQL database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The migration must be completed with minimal downtime. Which TWO AWS services should be used together?

Select 2 answers
A.AWS Snowball
B.AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)
C.AWS CloudEndure Migration
D.AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT)
E.AWS Direct Connect
AnswersB, D

DMS supports ongoing replication for minimal downtime.

Why this answer

Options A and C are correct. AWS DMS (A) can perform the migration with ongoing replication to minimize downtime, and AWS SCT (C) can help convert the schema if needed. Option B is wrong because Snowball is for large offline data transfer, not for minimal downtime migration.

Option D is wrong because Direct Connect is a network service, not a migration tool. Option E is wrong because CloudEndure is for server migration.

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277
MCQeasy

A company wants to migrate a 1 TB on-premises PostgreSQL database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. They have a limited internet bandwidth. Which service should they use to accelerate the migration?

A.AWS Snowball Edge
B.AWS Database Migration Service (DMS)
C.Amazon S3
D.AWS Direct Connect
AnswerA

Offline data transfer bypasses bandwidth limitations.

Why this answer

AWS Snowball Edge can be used for offline data transfer to accelerate migration over slow internet. Option A is correct. Option B (DMS) requires bandwidth.

Option C (Direct Connect) is a dedicated connection but still requires bandwidth. Option D (S3) is not for database transfer.

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278
MCQeasy

A company needs to migrate a 100 GB on-premises SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. The migration must be completed within a 4-hour maintenance window. The network link has 500 Mbps throughput. Which approach should be used?

A.Use AWS DMS with full load and CDC
B.Use native SQL Server backup to S3, then restore to RDS
C.Use AWS Snowball Edge to transfer the backup
D.Launch an EC2 instance with SQL Server, copy the database, and then migrate to RDS
AnswerB

This method can be fast and fits within the maintenance window with 500 Mbps.

Why this answer

Option A is correct because native backup to S3 and restore to RDS is the fastest method for this size, and the network can transfer 100 GB in ~30 minutes. Option B is wrong because DMS with CDC adds complexity and is not needed. Option C is wrong because Snowball is unnecessary.

Option D is wrong because EC2 is not needed.

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279
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a 3 TB Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle. They want to use Oracle Data Pump to export the data and then import it into RDS. What is the most efficient way to transfer the dump files to AWS?

A.Use AWS Snowball to physically ship the dump files to AWS.
B.Use AWS DMS to migrate the data directly from Oracle to RDS for Oracle.
C.Upload the dump files to Amazon S3 and then import them into RDS for Oracle using Oracle Data Pump.
D.Transfer the dump files over a VPN connection to an EC2 instance and then copy to RDS.
AnswerC

S3 provides scalable storage and fast upload; RDS can read from S3 for import.

Why this answer

Option C is correct because uploading the dump files to Amazon S3 and then using the Oracle Data Pump import from S3 (via UTL_FILE or direct read) is efficient and scalable. Option A is wrong because transferring over VPN/Direct Connect can be slow for large files. Option B is wrong because AWS Snowball is designed for very large data transfers (petabytes) and may be overkill for 3 TB, plus it adds logistics time.

Option D is wrong because AWS DMS is a separate service for migration, not for transferring dump files.

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280
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating a self-managed MongoDB database to Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility). Which TWO actions should the company take to ensure a successful migration? (Choose two.)

Select 2 answers
A.Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert MongoDB schemas to DocumentDB compatible format.
B.Use AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) to migrate data from MongoDB Atlas to DocumentDB.
C.Use AWS DMS to perform a full load and ongoing replication from MongoDB to DocumentDB.
D.Use AWS DMS with an Amazon EBS snapshot as the source for the migration.
E.Use AWS DMS to migrate data from MongoDB to Amazon DynamoDB, then import into DocumentDB.
AnswersA, C

SCT helps convert schemas for compatibility.

Why this answer

Options B and D are correct. AWS SCT can convert MongoDB schemas to DocumentDB. AWS DMS supports migration from MongoDB to DocumentDB.

Option A is wrong because MongoDB Atlas is a separate service, not used for migration. Option C is wrong because AWS DMS does not support Amazon EBS snapshots. Option E is wrong because DynamoDB is not compatible with MongoDB.

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281
MCQeasy

A company is deploying Amazon DynamoDB for a new application. The application requires single-digit millisecond latency for read operations. Which DynamoDB feature should be configured to meet this requirement?

A.DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX)
B.DynamoDB Streams
C.Auto Scaling
D.Time to Live (TTL)
AnswerA

DAX provides in-memory caching for fast reads.

Why this answer

DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) is a fully managed, highly available, in-memory cache that delivers up to 10x read performance improvement. Option B (Auto Scaling) handles throughput. Option C (TTL) expires items.

Option D (Streams) captures changes.

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282
MCQeasy

A company wants to migrate a 200 GB SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server with minimal downtime. The database is used by a critical application. Which service should be used for the migration?

A.AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT).
B.AWS Database Migration Service (DMS).
C.SQL Server Import and Export Wizard.
D.SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) backup and restore.
AnswerB

DMS supports near-zero downtime migration with CDC.

Why this answer

Option A is correct because AWS DMS supports SQL Server as both source and target with ongoing replication. Option B is wrong because SCT is only for schema conversion. Option C is wrong because it's command-line tool for exporting/importing, not continuous replication.

Option D is wrong because it's a backup/restore tool.

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283
MCQeasy

A company wants to migrate its on-premises Oracle database to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. The company needs to automatically convert the Oracle schema to PostgreSQL-compatible format. Which AWS service should the company use?

A.AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS) with the Oracle native dump and load option
B.AWS Server Migration Service (AWS SMS)
C.AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS)
D.AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT)
AnswerD

AWS SCT automates schema conversion from Oracle to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL.

Why this answer

AWS Schema Conversion Tool (AWS SCT) is designed specifically to convert database schemas from one engine to another, including Oracle to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL. It automatically translates Oracle DDL (tables, indexes, stored procedures, functions, etc.) into PostgreSQL-compatible format, handling data type mappings, PL/SQL to PL/pgSQL conversion, and other schema-level transformations. AWS DMS handles data migration, not schema conversion, making SCT the correct choice for this requirement.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates confuse AWS DMS's data migration capability with schema conversion, assuming DMS can automatically transform the schema, when in fact DMS only moves data and requires SCT for schema translation.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because AWS DMS with the Oracle native dump and load option is used for bulk data transfer, not schema conversion; it does not automatically translate Oracle schema objects to PostgreSQL format. Option B is wrong because AWS Server Migration Service (SMS) is designed for migrating on-premises virtual machines to AWS, not for database schema conversion. Option C is wrong because AWS DMS migrates data (rows and tables) but does not perform schema transformation; it relies on AWS SCT to first convert the schema before data migration.

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284
MCQmedium

Refer to the exhibit. A company wants to migrate this RDS MySQL instance to an Aurora MySQL cluster with encryption at rest. What is the most efficient approach?

A.Use AWS DMS to migrate the database to an encrypted Aurora cluster.
B.Create a snapshot of the RDS instance, copy the snapshot with encryption, then restore to an Aurora cluster.
C.Create a snapshot of the RDS instance and restore it directly to an Aurora cluster.
D.Create an encrypted read replica in Aurora and promote it.
AnswerB

Copying the snapshot enables encryption, then restoring to Aurora creates an encrypted cluster.

Why this answer

Option D is correct because creating a snapshot, copying it with encryption, and restoring to Aurora is the most efficient. Option A is wrong because DMS is not needed for a simple migration. Option B is wrong because you cannot directly restore an unencrypted snapshot to Aurora.

Option C is wrong because creating an Aurora replica from an encrypted instance is not possible.

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285
MCQhard

A company wants to migrate a 2 TB Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance to Amazon Aurora MySQL. The migration must have zero downtime and must be reversible for 48 hours. Which strategy meets these requirements?

A.Create an Aurora MySQL Read Replica from the RDS MySQL instance, then promote the replica to a standalone Aurora cluster.
B.Take a snapshot of the RDS MySQL instance, restore it to Aurora MySQL, and update the DNS.
C.Export the database using mysqldump, import into Aurora, and switch DNS.
D.Use AWS DMS with ongoing change data capture (CDC) to migrate to Aurora.
AnswerA

Read replica creation is online, promotion is fast. Fallback by deleting Aurora cluster within 48 hours.

Why this answer

Creating an Aurora read replica from the RDS MySQL instance and then promoting it provides zero downtime and allows fallback by deleting the Aurora cluster. Option A (DMS with CDC) has potential downtime. Option C (snapshot restore) is irreversible.

Option D (mysqldump) causes downtime.

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286
MCQhard

Refer to the exhibit. A database administrator has this IAM policy attached to their user. They attempt to delete the database instance 'prod-mydb' but receive an 'AccessDenied' error. Why?

A.The policy does not allow the rds:DeleteDBInstance action for any resource.
B.The resource ARN in the Deny statement does not match the instance.
C.The user does not have permission to describe the DB instance.
D.The Deny statement explicitly denies deletion of any instance with an identifier starting with 'prod-'.
AnswerD

The Deny statement overrides the Allow, preventing deletion of prod instances.

Why this answer

Option C is correct because the Deny statement explicitly denies deletion of any DB instance with identifier starting with 'prod-', and Deny takes precedence over Allow. Option A is wrong because the policy allows deletion for non-prod instances. Option B is wrong because the resource ARN is correct for prod-mydb.

Option D is wrong because the error is not due to missing DescribeDBInstances.

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287
MCQeasy

A company is deploying Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL and needs to ensure that all data at rest is encrypted. Which action should be taken to enable encryption?

A.Specify an AWS KMS key when creating the RDS instance.
B.Modify the existing RDS instance to enable encryption.
C.Enable encryption by default in the RDS console.
D.Enable encryption using S3 server-side encryption.
AnswerA

RDS encryption uses KMS keys and must be set at creation.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because RDS encryption at rest is enabled at instance creation time using AWS KMS. Option A is wrong because encryption is not enabled by default. Option C is wrong because encryption cannot be enabled on an existing unencrypted instance without a snapshot restore.

Option D is wrong because you must specify a KMS key.

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288
MCQhard

A company is deploying a new multi-AZ application that requires a relational database. The database must be highly available and must automatically failover to a standby in another Availability Zone within minutes. The database size is 500 GB and the workload is read-heavy. Which AWS RDS configuration meets these requirements?

A.Deploy Amazon Aurora with Multi-AZ
B.Deploy Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL with a cross-Region read replica
C.Deploy Amazon RDS for MySQL with Multi-AZ and a read replica in a different AZ
D.Deploy Amazon RDS for Oracle with RDS Proxy
AnswerC

Multi-AZ provides automatic failover; read replica improves read performance.

Why this answer

Amazon RDS Multi-AZ deployment provides automatic failover to a standby in another AZ. Option B is incorrect because Multi-AZ is not available for Aurora; Aurora uses a cluster with a primary and readers. Option C is incorrect because cross-Region replicas are for disaster recovery, not automatic failover in the same Region.

Option D is incorrect because RDS Proxy is for connection pooling, not high availability.

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289
Multi-Selectmedium

Which TWO factors should be considered when selecting a migration method from on-premises Oracle to Amazon RDS for Oracle?

Select 2 answers
A.The size of the database and available network bandwidth
B.The version of the Oracle client used by applications
C.The required downtime tolerance
D.The number of stored procedures in the database
E.The number of indexes on the source database
AnswersA, C

Large databases may require Snowball; bandwidth affects transfer time.

Why this answer

Correct: B (database size and network bandwidth determine the best approach) and D (downtime tolerance affects choice between online and offline migration). A is not a factor because RDS supports Oracle features; C is irrelevant; E is not a primary factor.

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290
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a MongoDB database to Amazon DocumentDB. They have a 200 GB database and need to minimize downtime. Which migration approach is most appropriate?

A.Take an EBS snapshot of the MongoDB volume and restore it to DocumentDB.
B.Set up MongoDB replication from the source to DocumentDB, then promote DocumentDB.
C.Export the database using mongodump and import using mongorestore into DocumentDB.
D.Use AWS DMS to migrate data from MongoDB to DocumentDB.
AnswerB

DocumentDB supports MongoDB wire protocol, enabling native replication for minimal downtime.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because DocumentDB supports MongoDB 3.6/4.0 replication protocol, allowing near-zero downtime via native replication. Option A is wrong because mongodump/mongorestore requires downtime. Option C is wrong because AWS DMS does not support MongoDB as a source.

Option D is wrong because EBS snapshots are not applicable to DocumentDB.

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291
MCQeasy

A company is migrating an on-premises MongoDB database to Amazon DocumentDB (with MongoDB compatibility). They want to validate that the data is consistent after migration. Which tool should they use?

A.mongoexport and mongoimport
B.dbHash command on both databases
C.DocumentDB native consistency check tool
D.AWS DMS data validation
AnswerD

DMS can validate data between source and target.

Why this answer

AWS DMS data validation is the correct tool because it provides built-in, row-level checksum-based validation that compares source and target data after a full load or ongoing replication. For DocumentDB migrations, DMS can compute and compare checksums on the fly, ensuring consistency without requiring manual scripting or external tools. This is the recommended AWS approach for validating data integrity during and after a migration to DocumentDB.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates assume a native MongoDB command like dbHash or a generic export/import tool can validate consistency across different database engines, but DocumentDB does not support dbHash and AWS DMS is the only service-integrated validation method for cross-engine migrations.

How to eliminate wrong answers

Option A is wrong because mongoexport and mongoimport are data export/import utilities, not validation tools; they cannot compare existing data in both databases for consistency. Option B is wrong because the dbHash command computes a hash of all data in a MongoDB instance, but DocumentDB does not support the dbHash command natively, and it would require custom scripting to compare hashes across different database engines. Option C is wrong because there is no native 'DocumentDB native consistency check tool' — DocumentDB relies on AWS DMS or manual methods for consistency validation, not a built-in tool.

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292
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating a 1 TB on-premises SQL Server database to Amazon RDS for SQL Server. The migration must be completed within 24 hours and with minimal downtime. Which TWO approaches should be used? (Choose 2)

Select 2 answers
A.Use AWS DMS with SSIS packages.
B.Use native backup and restore to S3.
C.Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication (CDC).
D.Use AWS SCT to assess and convert the schema.
E.Use AWS DMS full load only.
AnswersC, D

Near-zero downtime migration.

Why this answer

Options A and D are correct because DMS with CDC provides near-zero downtime, and SCT can help with schema conversion. Option B is wrong because backup/restore requires downtime. Option C is wrong because it's not efficient.

Option E is wrong because SSIS is not DMS.

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293
Multi-Selecthard

Which TWO steps are required when migrating an Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle using AWS DMS with ongoing replication? (Choose TWO.)

Select 2 answers
A.Run AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert the schema.
B.Enable minimal supplemental logging.
C.Enable archive logging on the source Oracle database.
D.Enable supplemental logging for all columns.
E.Create a VPC endpoint for the DMS replication instance.
AnswersC, D

DMS needs archive logs to capture changes.

Why this answer

Option C is correct because AWS DMS requires archive logging on the source Oracle database to capture ongoing changes for continuous replication. Archive logging ensures that redo logs are retained and available for DMS to read transaction changes after a log switch, enabling Change Data Capture (CDC) without data loss.

Exam trap

The trap here is that candidates often confuse minimal supplemental logging (which is sufficient for Oracle GoldenGate) with the full supplemental logging required by AWS DMS, leading them to incorrectly select option B instead of D.

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294
MCQhard

A company is migrating an on-premises MongoDB database to Amazon DocumentDB. The migration must be online with minimal downtime. The source MongoDB is version 4.0 and uses replica sets. Which tool should the company use?

A.Use MongoDB Compass to export data and import into DocumentDB.
B.Use mongodump and mongorestore.
C.Create a read replica of the MongoDB replica set and promote to DocumentDB.
D.Use AWS DMS with MongoDB as source and DocumentDB as target.
AnswerD

DMS supports ongoing replication from MongoDB to DocumentDB.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because AWS DMS supports MongoDB as a source and DocumentDB as a target, and can perform ongoing replication for minimal downtime. Option A is wrong because mongodump/mongorestore is a logical dump that requires downtime for a consistent snapshot. Option C is wrong because MongoDB Compass is a GUI tool and does not support ongoing replication to DocumentDB.

Option D is wrong because creating a read replica from MongoDB to DocumentDB is not supported.

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295
MCQmedium

A company is migrating a 500 GB Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle. The migration must complete within a 4-hour downtime window. The network bandwidth is 1 Gbps. Which migration approach minimizes the migration time?

A.Use AWS Schema Conversion Tool (SCT) to convert the schema, then use AWS DMS for data migration.
B.Use Oracle Data Pump to export and import the database.
C.Use AWS DMS to perform a full load of the database to RDS.
D.Use AWS DataSync to copy the database files to Amazon S3, then restore to RDS.
AnswerC

DMS can efficiently migrate data directly to RDS, minimizing migration time.

Why this answer

Option D is correct because AWS DMS can perform a full load plus ongoing replication, but given the bandwidth and data size, using a direct connection (DX) or SCT is not faster. However, the best approach is to use DMS with full load only if replication is not needed; DMS can load data faster than native export/import. Option A is wrong because native export/import is slower and more manual.

Option B is wrong because SCT is for schema conversion only. Option C is wrong because DataSync is for files, not databases.

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296
MCQhard

A company is migrating a 1 TB Oracle database to Amazon RDS for Oracle. The source database has a high volume of small transactions. The migration must minimize source database impact. Which AWS DMS configuration should be used?

A.Use batch-optimized apply mode
B.Use full load only and disable ongoing replication
C.Use full load with CDC (ongoing replication)
D.Use multiple DMS tasks to parallelize the migration
AnswerB

Full load only does not require CDC, minimizing impact.

Why this answer

Using a full load without CDC for the initial migration minimizes impact because CDC adds overhead. Batch-optimized applies changes in batches, but CDC still runs. Using multiple tasks increases overhead.

Full load only is the least impactful.

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297
Multi-Selectmedium

A company is migrating a 1 TB PostgreSQL database from on-premises to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL. The migration must have minimal downtime. Which TWO steps should be taken to achieve this?

Select 2 answers
A.Configure AWS DMS with ongoing replication from the source to the target.
B.Use AWS SCT to convert the schema to Amazon Aurora.
C.Use pglogical extension to replicate data from on-premises to RDS.
D.Take a full backup using pg_dump and import it into RDS during a maintenance window.
E.Create an RDS Read Replica of the on-premises database.
AnswersA, C

Ongoing replication keeps data in sync with minimal downtime.

Why this answer

DMS with ongoing replication enables minimal downtime by continuously syncing changes. Using pglogical to replicate changes is another approach. Option B (importing a backup) causes downtime.

Option D (creating a read replica) is not possible from on-premises. Option E (SCT for schema conversion) may be needed but not for minimal downtime.

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298
MCQeasy

A company is migrating a 100 GB MySQL database to Amazon Aurora MySQL. The migration must have minimal downtime and the source database is currently in use. Which approach should the company take?

A.Create an Aurora Replica from the on-premises MySQL database and promote it.
B.Export the database using mysqldump and import it into Aurora during a maintenance window.
C.Take a physical backup of the MySQL database, upload to S3, and restore to Aurora.
D.Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication from the source MySQL database to Aurora.
AnswerD

DMS supports ongoing replication to keep the target in sync with minimal downtime.

Why this answer

Creating an Aurora Replica from a MySQL dump is not possible; Aurora Replicas can only be created from an existing Aurora instance. Using DMS with ongoing replication allows minimal downtime. mysqldump requires downtime. Backup and restore also requires downtime.

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299
MCQhard

Refer to the exhibit. A DBA is monitoring a DMS migration task from on-premises Oracle to Amazon RDS for Oracle. The full load completed successfully with 50 tables. However, the DBA notices that the CDC phase has not started. What is the most likely reason?

A.The task was not configured with CDC enabled
B.The full load encountered errors on some tables
C.The source Oracle database is not generating redo logs
D.The replication task was stopped after the full load completed
AnswerD

The StopDate is set, indicating the task stopped before CDC could begin.

Why this answer

Option B is correct because if the task is stopped after full load, CDC will not start. The stop date is 1 hour after start, indicating the task stopped. Option A is wrong because tables loaded shows 50, not errored.

Option C is wrong because DMS does not require manual CDC enable. Option D is wrong because the task might be stopped, not pending.

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300
MCQeasy

A developer needs to migrate a 500 GB MongoDB database to Amazon DocumentDB. Which approach will minimize application downtime?

A.Write a custom script to migrate data in batches
B.Export data from MongoDB, upload to S3, and import into DocumentDB
C.Use AWS DMS with ongoing replication from MongoDB to DocumentDB
D.Use AWS DataSync to transfer data files
AnswerC

Minimal downtime with live migration.

Why this answer

AWS DMS can perform a live migration with ongoing replication to minimize downtime. Option B is correct. Option A (Snapshot and restore) involves downtime.

Option C (Application-level migration) is manual and error-prone. Option D (AWS DataSync) is not for database migration.

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