- A
Modify the Redshift cluster parameter group to enable public accessibility.
Why wrong: Modifying the cluster parameter group does not control network access; public accessibility is a separate setting.
- B
Verify that the cluster's security group is attached to the Redshift cluster.
Why wrong: Verifying security group attachment is redundant since the engineer already verified the group allows traffic; the issue is more likely at the subnet level.
- C
Check the IAM role associated with the Redshift cluster.
Why wrong: IAM roles control permissions, not network-level access.
- D
Check the network ACL (NACL) associated with the Redshift cluster's subnet.
Network ACLs operate at the subnet level and can block inbound traffic even if security groups allow it, making this the correct next step.
DEA-C01 Data Security and Governance Practice Question
This DEA-C01 practice question tests your understanding of data security and governance. The scenario asks you to isolate a root cause — eliminate options that address a different problem before choosing. After answering, compare your reasoning against the explanation and wrong-answer breakdown below. Once you have made your selection, read the full explanation to reinforce the concept and understand why each distractor is designed to mislead on exam day.
A data engineer is troubleshooting an Amazon Redshift cluster that is not allowing connections from a specific IP range. The engineer verified that the cluster's security group allows inbound traffic from the IP range. What is the next step to resolve the issue?
Answer choices
Why each option matters
Answer the question above first, then reveal the full breakdown to understand why each option is right or wrong.
Correct answer & explanation
Check the network ACL (NACL) associated with the Redshift cluster's subnet.
Option D is correct. Even if the security group allows inbound traffic from a specific IP range, the network ACL (NACL) associated with the Redshift cluster's subnet can block traffic at the subnet level. NACLs are stateless and can override security group rules. Option A is incorrect because modifying the cluster parameter group does not control network-level access; public accessibility is a separate setting. Option B is incorrect because the engineer already verified the security group, but even if it is correctly attached, the NACL could still block traffic. Option C is incorrect because IAM roles control authentication and authorization, not network connectivity.
Key principle: Authentication proves identity; authorization controls what that identity can do after login. Both must work for full privileged access.
Answer analysis
Option-by-option breakdown
For each option: why learners choose it and why it is or isn't the right answer here.
- ✗
Modify the Redshift cluster parameter group to enable public accessibility.
Why it's wrong here
Modifying the cluster parameter group does not control network access; public accessibility is a separate setting.
- ✗
Verify that the cluster's security group is attached to the Redshift cluster.
Why it's wrong here
Verifying security group attachment is redundant since the engineer already verified the group allows traffic; the issue is more likely at the subnet level.
- ✗
Check the IAM role associated with the Redshift cluster.
Why it's wrong here
IAM roles control permissions, not network-level access.
- ✓
Check the network ACL (NACL) associated with the Redshift cluster's subnet.
Why this is correct
Network ACLs operate at the subnet level and can block inbound traffic even if security groups allow it, making this the correct next step.
Related concept
Authentication checks who the user is.
Common exam traps
Common exam trap: authentication is not authorization
Logging in proves the user can authenticate. It does not automatically mean the user is allowed to enter privileged or configuration mode. Watch for AAA authorization, privilege level and command authorization details.
Detailed technical explanation
How to think about this question
This kind of question is testing the difference between identity and permission. A user may successfully log in to a router because authentication is working, but still fail to enter configuration mode because authorization is missing, misconfigured or mapped to a lower privilege level.
KKey Concepts to Remember
- Authentication checks who the user is.
- Authorization controls what the user is allowed to do after login.
- Privilege levels affect access to EXEC and configuration commands.
- AAA, TACACS+ and RADIUS can separate login success from command access.
TExam Day Tips
- Do not assume successful login means full administrative access.
- Look for words such as cannot enter configuration mode, privilege level, authorization or command access.
- Separate login problems from permission problems before choosing the answer.
Key takeaway
Authentication proves identity; authorization controls what that identity can do after login. Both must work for full privileged access.
Real-world example
How this comes up in practice
A company's IT admin needs to give a contractor read-only access to production logs without sharing account credentials. Using role-based access control (RBAC) and temporary scoped permissions — not a permanent shared password — is the correct pattern. Questions like this test whether you can apply least-privilege access across cloud identity services.
Visual reference
What to study next
Got this wrong? Here's your next step.
Review Cisco AAA concepts — authentication, authorization, and accounting. Study privilege levels (0–15), command authorization under TACACS+, and how RADIUS differs. Then practise related DEA-C01 questions on access control and AAA configuration.
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FAQ
Questions learners often ask
What does this DEA-C01 question test?
Data Security and Governance — This question tests Data Security and Governance — Authentication checks who the user is..
What is the correct answer to this question?
The correct answer is: Check the network ACL (NACL) associated with the Redshift cluster's subnet. — Option D is correct. Even if the security group allows inbound traffic from a specific IP range, the network ACL (NACL) associated with the Redshift cluster's subnet can block traffic at the subnet level. NACLs are stateless and can override security group rules. Option A is incorrect because modifying the cluster parameter group does not control network-level access; public accessibility is a separate setting. Option B is incorrect because the engineer already verified the security group, but even if it is correctly attached, the NACL could still block traffic. Option C is incorrect because IAM roles control authentication and authorization, not network connectivity.
What should I do if I get this DEA-C01 question wrong?
Review Cisco AAA concepts — authentication, authorization, and accounting. Study privilege levels (0–15), command authorization under TACACS+, and how RADIUS differs. Then practise related DEA-C01 questions on access control and AAA configuration.
What is the key concept behind this question?
Authentication checks who the user is.
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Last reviewed: Jun 20, 2026
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